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  • 1.
    Adolfsson, Caroline
    Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS).
    'We don't use the word race': Boundaries of in-group membership in Sweden2024Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This dissertation explores the connections between the group construction of Swedishness, whiteness, and belongingness, exploring how these dynamics shape individuals' experiences of belongingness and non-belongingness. Employing a social-psychological lens, the research investigates the interplay between race and ingroup construction, shedding light on the complexities of Swedish identity within the broader global context. The dissertation comprises of a introduction (Kappa) and three stand alone articles, each contributing to the academic discourse while intersecting in their themes.

    The first article utilizes quantitative data to examine the feelings of belongingness among individuals from different ethnic backgrounds in Sweden. Results indicate a positive correlation between national and ethnic identifications, allowing for concurrent membership in various groups without contradiction, yet also suggests an empirical link between being appraised as Swedish and being white. The second article presents qualitative data, revealing that 'Swedishness' is closely tied to whiteness, particularly among white participants who also espoused hesitancy and adversion to the concept of ‘race’. In contrast, non-white participants display a more nuanced perspective on race and racialization. The third article investigates whether majority ethnic in-group and non-majority out-group members perceive and agree upon broad and specific representations of 'Swedishness' through a classic social categorization experiment. Results suggest a prevalence of associating 'Swedishness' with white individuals, despite efforts towards multicultural representation.

    Through these investigations, the dissertation provides valuable insights into the construction of Swedish group identity and its implications for both in-group and out-group members. By addressing research gaps and employing diverse methodologies, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of intergroup relations and identity dynamics in contemporary Swedish society.

    Delarbeid
    1. 'I'm Not Swedish Swedish': Self-Appraised National and Ethnic Identification among Migrant-Descendants in Sweden
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>'I'm Not Swedish Swedish': Self-Appraised National and Ethnic Identification among Migrant-Descendants in Sweden
    2021 (engelsk)Inngår i: Genealogy, E-ISSN 2313-5778, Vol. 5, nr 2, artikkel-id 56Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
    Abstract [en]

    As a country of high migration, Sweden presents an interesting case for the study of belongingness. For the children of migrants, ethnic and national identification, as well as ascriptive identity, can pose challenges to feelings of belongingness, which is an essential element for positive mental health. In this article, survey data were collected from 626 Swedes whose parents were born in the following countries: Somalia, Poland, Vietnam, and Turkey. The results show that Poles significantly felt they received more reflective appraisals of ascription than any other group. However, despite not feeling as if they were being ascribed as Swedish, most group members (regardless of ethnic origin) had high feelings of belongingness to Sweden. Overall, individuals who felt that being Swedish was important for their identity indicated the highest feelings of belongingness. Further, individuals across groups showed a positive correlation between their national identification and ethnic identification, indicating a feeling of membership to both. These results mirror previous research in Sweden where individuals' ethnic and national identities were positively correlated. The ability to inhabit multiple identities as a member of different groups is the choice of an individual within a pluralistic society. Multiple memberships between groups need not be contradictory but rather an expression of different spheres of inhabitance.
    sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
    MDPI, 2021
    Emneord
    belongingness, ethnic identity, Sweden, ascribed identity
    HSV kategori
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44948 (URN)10.3390/genealogy5020056 (DOI)000667154800001 ()
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2021-08-19 Laget: 2021-08-19 Sist oppdatert: 2024-04-12bibliografisk kontrollert
    2. 'It feels made up': Post racialism and colorblind ideology within individual constructions of self identity
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>'It feels made up': Post racialism and colorblind ideology within individual constructions of self identity
    2023 (engelsk)Inngår i: Ethnicities, ISSN 1468-7968, E-ISSN 1741-2706Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Epub ahead of print
    Abstract [en]

    This article aims to explore the interrelation between post racialism, colorblind ideology, and the perception of Swedishness. Through 40 interviews and surveys conducted in Malmo, Sweden, participants were asked to reflect on race, ethnicity, and Swedishness. Multiple meanings were present in the participants' responses, half of whom were white and half non-white. For white participants, boundaries around the in-group construction of 'Swedishness' were based in whiteness, yet these participants held overwhelmingly negative attitudes towards the use of words race or racialization. On the other hand, non-white participants viewed race and racialization with less negative connotations, yet they also endorsed the need to be white in order to be perceived as being Swedish. The results support the notion that abandonment of the word race does not always equate to an abandonment of whiteness. This article builds upon and expands previous findings in the U.S. context while contributing to an emerging body of literature on race and racialization in Sweden. Additionally, it seeks to challenge dominant narratives and assumptions of 'Swedishness' and its connection to whiteness.
    sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
    Sage Publications, 2023
    Emneord
    Race, racialization, post racial, colorblind, Sweden, racial identity, group identity, self identification, whiteness
    HSV kategori
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-62590 (URN)10.1177/14687968231191751 (DOI)001044732800001 ()2-s2.0-85167434965 (Scopus ID)
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2023-09-15 Laget: 2023-09-15 Sist oppdatert: 2024-04-12bibliografisk kontrollert
    3. Who fits frame?: Ethnic or nationalistic mental representation within superordinate identity associations
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Who fits frame?: Ethnic or nationalistic mental representation within superordinate identity associations
    (engelsk)Manuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigated the understanding of the superordinate identity of 'Swedishness' among ethnic majority in-group members and minority out-group members in Sweden. Utilizing the Ingroup Projection Model (IPM) and theories related to mental representations, it was hypothesized and confirmed that both in-group and out-group members associate 'Swedishness' predominantly with white individuals, encompassing both broad and specific mental representations. Furthermore, all group members were also observed to hold an ethnically characterized specific mental representation of 'Swedishness,' reaffirming the saliency of white individuals as prototypical exemplars, suggesting an ethnic understanding of this superordinate identity. Yet interestingly, the broad mental representations relating to both groups picture of Sweden as a nation, reflected an increasingly diverse and multicultural outlook highlighting the evolving nature of this identity construct. These findings contribute to the understanding of the Ingroup Projection Model, particularly in contexts where the superordinate identity can connotate either a national or ethnic identity. The implications of these findings are significant for addressing issues related to intergroup dynamics, identity, and multiculturalism in contemporary societies. 
    Emneord
    Ingroup Projection Model, whiteness, mental representations, identity, intergroup dynamics
    HSV kategori
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-66759 (URN)
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2024-04-16 Laget: 2024-04-16 Sist oppdatert: 2024-04-16bibliografisk kontrollert
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  • 2.