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  • 1.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Beyond testimony: early recounting and active listening at a boarding school for young holocaust survivors in Sweden 1946-19482024In: Holocaust Studies - A Journal of Culture and History, ISSN 1750-4902, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 620-636Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many documentation initiatives and collections of testimonies were initiated in the immediate postwar period. This article delves into one such initiative. It focuses on the practice of early recounting and active listening at boarding school for young Holocaust survivors in Sweden. The article explores, by a close reading of an article authored by one of the teachers and eight full-length essays from the students, both the teacher's perspectives on the young survivors' need for certain education and emotional assistance and the survivors' early reflections on the experiences of recounting, education, survival and life the first years after the Holocaust.

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    fulltext
  • 2.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Olsson, Annika
    Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), School of Arts and Communication (K3).
    Editorial introduction: revisiting shared authority2024In: Oral history, ISSN 0143-0955, Vol. 52, no 1, p. 2-6Article in journal (Other academic)
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    Editorial introduction: revisiting shared authority
  • 3.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Van Orden Martinez, Victoria
    Jewish Victims, Swedish Cemeteries: The Death, Burial, and Memorialization of the Surviving Remnant of European Jewry in Sweden, 1945-19552024Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Jewish life in Sweden went on much as usual during the Second World War and the Holocaust. Swedish Jews were not rounded up and massacred or sent to death camps. In the aftermath, there were no mass graves, no decimated communities, no surviving remnant to locate. Nonetheless, the destruction of European Jewry became embedded in Swedish soil in the immediate aftermath and several monuments to the Nazis’ Jewish victims were erected in the decade following the end of the Second World War.This paper builds on our respective and collaborative research on Swedish cemeteries where victims of Nazi persecution are buried, highlighting how the victims and their graves were identified and memorialized in the first ten years after the Holocaust. Our research provides a novel perspective since most existing studies focus on how nations, communities, organizations, and individuals commemorated their own victims. Sweden could make no such claims to Jewish losses, and so the context offers new insight into how Jewish life and death at the hands of the Nazis were memorialized by Jewish diaspora communities in the aftermath. Our findings indicate that the geographies and politics of memory were evident in how the Swedish Jewish diaspora, which suffered no victimization due to Sweden’s non-belligerent status during the Second World War, commemorated Jewish victims of many nationalities who happened to die in Sweden in the immediate aftermath.In the spring and summer of 1945, approximately 30,000 surviving victims of the Nazis, including around 10,000 Jews, were transported to Sweden for medical care and recovery. Referred to as “The Rescued of 1945” (“1945 års räddade”), many did not long survive that rescue, dying en route or soon after arrival. With no connections to and in the host country, the victims were buried in Sweden’s cemeteries. The first commemorations of the Jewish victims were the small, flat gravestones commissioned and paid for by the Swedish Jewish communities, which described them as “monuments,” that were placed over each victim’s grave. These were sometimes engraved with incorrect information about the victims, including their name, country of origin, and/or birthdate. As the victims’ loved ones and survivors sought to personally commemorate the dead, however, they found their requests denied.During the next decade, more substantial monuments were erected near the victims’ graves in a handful of cemeteries. But some of these also proved to be sites of contested memory, with at least one instance of a Swedish-Jewish group rebuffing survivors’ involvement in the establishment of a monument to the victims. In other cemeteries, no monuments to Jewish victims were erected at all, even while monuments to non-Jewish victims were. Thus, although efforts to memorialize Jewish victims of the Holocaust began early in Sweden, these were inconsistent and tended to be dominated by the Swedish-Jewish minority rather than the surviving remnant in Sweden.

  • 4.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Johansson, Jesper
    Linnéuniversitetet.
    Listening for moments of shared authority in archived interviews2024In: Oral history, ISSN 0143-0955, Vol. 52, no 1, p. 96-108Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this article is to explore moments of shared authority when working with archived interviews and to suggest how the use and understanding of shared authority as an analyticalconcept might be advanced and elaborated in conjunction with the concept of intersectionality,borrowed from another research field (in this case, gender studies). We aim to hear and acknowledgethe different voices, dialogues and silences of those who documented and those who aredocumented. We listen to their archived voices and dialogues to find moments of shared authority andanalyse how the shared authority plays out during the interviews through intersectional analyses of the archived interview narratives.

  • 5.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    ‘My future plans?’ Young women’s early accounts on freedom and life after the Holocaust2024Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 6.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Oral History and the Holocaust2024Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Kaparulin, Yurii
    Department of National, International Law and Law Enforcement , Kherson State University , 14 Shevchenko St., Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine, 76018 , Ivano-Frankivsk , Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast , Ukraine.
    Oral History and the Holocaust: An Introduction2024In: Eastern European Holocaust Studies, E-ISSN 2749-9030, Vol. 2, no 1, p. 15-23Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 8.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Sjöholm, Jenny
    Linköpings universitet.
    Reflections on the ethics of digitization: Accessibility and 'distant listening' of two Holocaust collections in Sweden2024In: Beyond academic publics: Conversations about scholarly collaboration with cultural institutions / [ed] Kaun, Ane; Velkova, Julia, Linköping: Linköping University , 2024, p. 117-127Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this chapter we reflect upon our experiences and visions for engaging with memory institutions’  archival and digital practices. Our current  research project focuses on two memory institutions’ perspectives on the digitization  of Holocaust collections in their archives, and we suggest that the different ways in which they have approached  digitization raises central questions about the ethics of accessibility in digital archival realms. Following from this we consider the development of new ethical approaches to digital archiving and reflect upon how Holocaust scholar Todd Presner’s (2016) ideas on the “ethics of the algorithm” as well as “distant listening” could inform debate and praxis with archival studies as well as the processes of memory institutions.

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    Reflectionsontheethicsofdigitalization
  • 9.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Greenspan, Henry
    University of Michigan.
    ‘Sharing authority’ as ‘learning together’: Henry ‘Hank’ Greenspan in conversation with Malin Thor Tureby2024In: Oral history, ISSN 0143-0955, Vol. 52, no 1, p. 109-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In a wide-ranging conversation, Malin Thor Tureby interviews Henry ‘Hank’ Greenspan aboutseveral of his projects involving ‘sharing authority’, what Greenspan calls ‘collaboration’. Collaboration has taken many forms in his work, most centrally his practice of interviewing the same Holocaust survivors multiple times over months, years, and with some survivors, decades. Unlike conventional testimony, which concerns declaration, that is, ‘this I witnessed’, Greenspan’s approach emphasises exploration, what one survivor called ‘learning together’. Thus, in the context of deepening conversations,survivors reflected on the impact of their wartime experiences throughout the years that followed; theirvarying choices about what to share and not share at different times and circumstances; and theirperceptions of their listeners, and popular ‘Holocaust memory’, in general. Greenspan also discusses a memoir he co-authored with a survivor, and a play, REMNANTS, which is based on his decades of conversations with survivors. He reflects on the process of co-authorship, the role of personal chemistryin interviews, the claims of the verbatim, writing in the service of conversation and the relationshipsbetween artistic and scholarly ways of knowing.

  • 10.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    The use and non-use of archived life stories from survivors of the Holocaust in public history settings in Sweden2024Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    During the 1990s and early 2000s, Sweden saw an upsurge in state-sponsored memory projects pertaining to the country’s controversial and largely unspoken relationship with the Holocaust. However, the collections that were created in the 1990s, containing hundreds of ego-documents—interviews, letters and pictures—have not been made accessible to the public. Instead, they are hidden away, protected by institutions who deem the archival subjects too vulnerable for public exposure. In these cases, “vulnerability” is often used as the main argument for why Holocaust collections should not be digitized. In this presentation I will discuss the current gap that exists between cultural heritage practice and government policy on digitization, accessibility, and research ethics. By discussing Swedish examples of Holocaust collections that have or have not been digitized, I attempt to demonstrate how discourses about vulnerability affect the use and non-use of archived life stories from survivors of the Holocaust in public history settings in Sweden.

  • 11.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Sjöholm, Jenny
    Linköpings universitet.
    An archive on the move: Tracing contested and vulnerable archival spaces of the polish research institute archive2023In: (Un)consted heritage. Archives, museums and public spaces / [ed] Cecilia Axelsson Yngvéus; Malin Thor Tureby and Cecilia Trenter, Malmö: Malmö universitet, 2023, p. 43-57Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this chapter we trace the journey of the Polish Research Institute (PIZ) archive at Lund University Library from the making of the archive at Lund, to its deposition at the Hoover Institution Archives at Stanford University, to its return to Lund University Library, and its early digitization. Studying this archival journey, we specifically engage with a set of different ethical dilemmas that have been involved in these each of these processes and spatialities. We suggest that the collection and creation of the archive until the point of digitization has been a history of contested spaces and this journey has involved the creation and maintenance of different kinds of ‘vulnerabilities'.

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    An Archive on the Move
  • 12.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Att dela auktoritet och lära tillsammans inom humanistisk forskning. 2023 års föreläsning inom Hans Ruin studia generalia, Åbo akademi2023Other (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Inom forskningsfälten oral history, public history och public humanities är det vanligt förekommande att arbeta med utgångspunkt shared authority [delad auktoritet]. Med delad auktoritet avses inte något som ska göras (av forskarna) i relation till de som deltar forskningsprojekten, utan delad auktoritet är något som redan är. Vi har alltså inte en auktoritet som forskare som vi kan välja eller inte välja att dela med dem som vi forskar om och tillsammans med. Vi har en auktoritet som tränade och skolade akademiker och de som vi forskar med har en annan, de är experter eller auktoriteter på sina egna liv, minnen och erfarenheter. Denna syn på kunskapsproduktion som ett gemensamt projekt överskrider den traditionella synen på forskning och bildning som något som utförs och förmedlas av (ut)bildade personer vid universitet. Men vilka utmaningar och möjligheter finns det med att arbeta med utgångspunkt i delad auktoritet som humanistisk forskare? Vad medför idén om en delad auktoritet för konsekvenser för hur och vad som går att forska om? Med utgångspunkt i sina olika forskningsprojekt om och med olika minoriteter kommer dessa frågor att diskuteras av professor Malin Thor Tureby under årets Hans Ruin  studia generalia föreläsning.

  • 13.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Martinez, Victoria
    Linköpings universitet.
    Beyond survivor-witnessing: Redefining a field2023Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Although many survivors of the Holocaust came to and remained in Sweden after the Second World War, Swedish historiography has never shown much interest in their lives and the roles that they played in Swedish political, cultural, and social life. More than twenty years after the Stockholm international forum conferences, this panel thinks it is time that survivors – as complex figures who continued to survive in their new country –receive the scholarly attention they deserve: as historical figures, discursive constructs and as archival subjects. Together, the three panellists are endeavouring to redefine what “Sweden and the Holocaust” means, arguing that victims and victimisation as well as survivors and survival constitute equally important phenomena compared to the much-explored subjects of bystanderism and rescue. 

  • 14.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Education as Rehabilitation: Self-Government and Emotional Assistance at a Boarding School for Child Survivors in Sweden 1946-19482023Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Ett vitt skepp kommer lastat: De överlevande, den mosaiska församlingen och Beredskapssjukhuset i Kalmar2023In: Någonstans i Sverige: En antologi med lokalhistoriska perspektiv på Sverige och Förintelsen / [ed] Oscar Österberg, Stockholm: Forum för levande historia , 2023, p. 167-184Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Ett vitt skepp kommer lastat
  • 16.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Zettinger, Piotr (Creator)
    Lomfors, Ingrid (Creator)
    Fading Stories. Förintelseöverlevares vittnesmål2023Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    1945 hade främlingsfientlighet och rasism lagt Europa i ruiner. Miljontals människor hade mördats i den nazityska folkutrotningen, Förintelsen. De som överlevde kommer inte leva för alltid, men deras berättelser måste göra det.I utställningen Fading Stories har fotografen Sanna Sjöswärd porträtterat 20 överlevande från Förintelsen. Här berättar de om sina minnen. Några av dem har inte delat med sig av dessa tidigare, medan andra redan för flera år sedan började gå ut offentligt med sina fasansfulla upplevelser. Vad kan vi lära oss, och hur ska vi förvalta dessa minnen in i framtiden?Medverkande:Piotr Zettinger, som var fyra år när han år 1942 smugglades ut ur gettot i Warszawa genom kloakerna och sedan gömdes tills kriget var över. Piotr lever idag i Sverige och föreläser ofta om sitt liv under kriget och om flykten undan en säker död i förintelselägret Treblinka.Sanna Sjöswärd, prisad fotograf och författare, vars verk hänger på Nationalmuseum och Nordiska museet. Hon har gett ut flera böcker, senast Hatet mot judarna tillsammans med Björn Wiman (2021).Malin Thor Tureby, professor i historia vid Malmö universitet som forskar om Förintelseöverlevandes minnesaktivism i ett historiskt perspektiv.Samtalsledare är Ingrid Lomfors, historiker och tidigare överintendent Forum för levande historia.

  • 17.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    “Hearing” Holocaust survivors: On collections and research with Holocaust survivors in Sweden, 1945–20202023Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Holocaust Researchers: The People Behind the Books. Prof. Malin Thor Tureby in conversation with Prof. Dan Michman on his Path to Holocaust Research.2023Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Prof. Dan Michman Head of the International Institute for Holocaust Research, Yad Vashem. Prof. Emeritus at Bar Ilan university, in conversation with Prof. Malin Thor Tureby Malmö University.

  • 19.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Ilona Karmels Den polska flickan. En berättelse om Sverige och Förintelsen från tidigt 1950-tal2023In: Religion och samhällsförändring: Aktuella perspektiv i religionsvetenskaplig forskning / [ed] Dennis Augustsson; Charlotta Carlström; Emma Hall; Bodil Liljefors Persson, Stockholm: Liber , 2023, p. 34-54Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Kapitlet tar sin utgångspunkt i tidigare forsknings diskussion om olika händelser som har varit viktigaför framväxten av en minneskultur kring Förintelsen, och hur ”de överlevande” över tid har blivit personer som ska hyllas, intervjuas och ihågkommas. Författaren ansluter sig till den forskning som har framhållit att det är viktigt att synliggöra hur centrala de förföljda och senare de överlevande själva har varit under degångna snart 80 åren, för att driva kunskapen omoch minnet av Förintelsen och nazisternas brott motmänskligheten framåt. I kapitlet argumenterar författaren för att Ilona Karmels bok Den polska flickan, som gavs ut på svenska 1954, kan förstås som ett viktigt bidrag till en sådan kunskapsproduktion, och att den kanses som en tidig publicerad berättelse från en judisk överlevande med anknytning till Sverige. Det som analyseras är dock inte Den polska flickan i sig, utan hur Ilona Karmel och boken mottogs av litteraturkritiker i svensk och svenskjudisk press. 

  • 20.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Judiska kvinnor i arkiv och historieskrivning2023Other (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Debatter kring kvinnor i arkiv och historieskrivning har förts i decennier och att kvinnorna generellt har saknats i historieskrivningen är numera välkänt. Välkommen på föreläsning med Malin Thor Tureby som diskuterar hur judiska kvinnor har hanterats i historieskrivningen om och av den judiska minoriteten i Sverige. Vem har hamnat i arkivet, vems historia har dokumenterats eller skrivits, vem har fått berätta och från vilka perspektiv?

  • 21.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Krisdokumentation och Oral History: Samtida och Historiska Perspektiv2023Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Memory, testimony and historical research. The role of survivors in memory culture and knowledge production2023Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this keynote I will discuss how persons who have experienced and survived the Nazi persecution and genocide have worked to keep the memory of their and others experiences alive. Drawing from different collecting initiatives, of memories, testimonies and stories, during the last 80 years, by and from Holocaust survivors, I will explore and discuss the role that survivors have played in the development of memory culture and historical research.

     

  • 23.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Miklós Nyisli. Jag var Mengeles patolog. En läkares ögonvittnesskildring från Auschwitz.2023In: Historielärarnas Förening: Årsskrift 2023., ISSN 0439-2434, Vol. 2023, p. 145-146Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Van Orden Martinez, Victoria
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Monuments Cast Shadows: Remembering and Forgetting the ‘Dead Survivors’ of Nazi Persecution in Swedish Cemeteries2023In: Fallen Monuments and Contested Memorials / [ed] Juilee Decker, London: Routledge, 2023, p. 177-189Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In July 2020, two Holocaust memorials disappeared from a Jewish cemetery in Stockholm where Holocaust survivors who died soon after coming to Sweden for medical treatment in 1945 are buried. Though it occurred in the midst of both the global #TakeItDown movement and the Swedish government’s plans to establish a Holocaust museum in Sweden, this removal garnered no media attention or public outcry. Moreover, it was not, as might be expected, a case of antisemitic vandalism but a planned removal by the Jewish Community in Stockholm. This chapter takes this unexpected example of contested spaces of memory and heritage as a point of departure to consider and reflect on how ‘dead survivors’ of Nazism buried in Sweden have been commemorated. The analysis considers three Swedish cemeteries by delving into the sites’ past and present, the presence and absence of monuments and other forms of memorialization and contextualization, and how these aspects relate to the discursive and historiographical treatment of victims of Nazi persecution who came to Sweden in both historical and contemporary contexts, particularly in relation to issues of gender, place, and identity and belonging. 

  • 25.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Schölzel, Christian (Creator)
    Oktober 1943 – Das Schicksal der Juden aus Dänemark. Einfürung, Talk und Empfang2023Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Panelsamtal i samband med invigningen av utställningen Oktober 1943 – Das Schicksal der Juden aus Dänemark

  • 26.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Paul A. Levine and the making of the Raoul Wallenberg Project Archive2023Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    There are a great number of archival collections containing testimonies or stories from Holocaust survivors. This presentation explores the making of one such collection: the Raoul Wallenberg Project Archive. The motives for and practices of how to collect, archive and use testimonies or stories from persons categorized as survivors have varied over time. Documentation methods are never neutral; rather they are rooted in a specific time and place, and sometimes also in specific sets of institutional histories, practices and ideas. According to Jacques Derrida, “…archivization produces as much as it records the event.” (1996:17) The purpose of this presentation is to explore Paul A. Levine’s and the other initiators and creators motives for making the Raoul Wallenberg Project Archive. 

  • 27.
    Axelsson Yngvéus, Cecilia
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Thor Tureby, MalinMalmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).Trenter, CeciliaMalmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    (Un)contested Heritage. Archives, Museums and Public spaces2023Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This anthology is the result of an international workshop with the aim to initiate new discussions and new research on cultural heritage – contested as well as uncontested. The workshop was held at the Department of Society, Culture and Identity at Malmö University, in October 2022. Contested heritage, sometimes also referred to as “dissonant heritage” or “difficult heritage” has been discussed, explored and studied by cultural heritage scholars from various disciplines over the last two decades. However, there is still limited knowledge about what contested or dissonant heritage is. How, when and by whom heritage can be contested and how it is related to or understood in relation to uncontested heritage are also unresolved questions. The contribution of this anthology thus falls at an intersection between the process-perspectives of critical heritage studies of cultural heritage, the empirical-historical studies of power and agency in social and cultural history (after the archival turn), and the conceptual fields that examine the use of history and history mediation. It rests firmly on the collective expertise drawn from historians and other scholars, at different stages of their careers, from researchers with theoretical proficiency as well as practical experience from cultural heritage work, both within and outside of traditional cultural heritage institutions. The result, if not a comprehensive rendering, is a range of multifaceted insights into research on why and how cultural heritage can be both contested and (un)contested.

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    (Un)contested Heritage. Archives, Museums and Public Spaces
    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 28.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Crisis Documentation and Oral History: Problematizing Collecting and Preserving Practices in a Digital World2022In: Oral History Review, ISSN 0094-0798, E-ISSN 1533-8592, Vol. 49, no 2, p. 346-376Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Collecting in times of crisis is a precarious task. In recent years, oral historians have considered the risks and pitfalls that so called crisis or rapid response collecting entail. However, in countries where oral history practices are not dominant within the cultural heritage sector, these discussions surrounding ethics and collecting have had little impact. In this article we problematize the absence of oral history perspectives on the ethics of crisis collecting through a Swedish case study involving the daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter (DN) and Sweden's most prominent cultural heritage institution, Nordiska Museet (the Nordic Museum). In 2015, DN started interviewing refugees for a social media-based project entitled RefugeeSweden. Excerpts from the interviews as well as photographs of the refugees were published on Instagram and Twitter, with Nordiska Museet later acquiring this material. Through this case study we show how the act of digitization constitutes a process of transformation which fundamentally affects collections and how they can be understood. In addition, we demonstrate how seemingly inclusive notions of digitization and representation can obscure exclusionary practices of institutions that have not considered cocreation or participatory practices.

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    fulltext
  • 29.
    Manikowska, Ewa
    et al.
    Instytut Sztuki, Polska Akademia Nauk, Poland.
    Pasternak, GilDe Montfort University, Leicester, Leicestershire, GB.Thor Tureby, MalinMalmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Digital Heritage in Cultural Conflicts: Cultural Unbound. Journal of Current Cultural Reserach (Special Issue)2022Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Manikowska, Ewa
    et al.
    Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
    Pasternak, Gil
    De Montfort University Leicester, England, United Kingdom.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Digital Heritage in Cultural Conflicts: An Introduction2022In: Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research, E-ISSN 2000-1525, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 1-10Article in journal (Other academic)
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    Digital Heritage in Cultural Conflicts: An Introduction
  • 31.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Ethical Dilemmas, Digitalization and Survivor Stories2022Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    During the 1990s and early 2000s, Sweden saw an upsurge in state-sponsored memoryprojects pertaining to the country’s controversial and largely unspoken relationshipwith the Holocaust. The Holocaust memorial in Stockholm, the then Prime MinisterGöran Persson’s informational campaign Living History, and the StockholmInternational Forum Conferences, all demonstrated a heightened interest in theHolocaust—as history, as memory and as educational instrument. Central to theseendeavors was the collecting of survivor testimonies. One such example is thecollection Jewish Memories that was created during the years 1994-1998 by the NordicMuseum in Sweden. Today it is—comprising approx. 400 oral and written life stories,1 600 photographs and 100 objects and sound recordings—is, in sheer size, one of the most significant Swedish holdings of Holocaust memory in relation to Swedish-Jewish heritage. However, the materials were collected without informed consent and thecollection is protected by a 70-year clause that restricts access to the material on thebasis of it being too ‘vulnerable’. “Jewish Memories” remains hidden, inaccessible tothe public and to researchers without permission to study the material. The people whohave left their stories remain anonymous and their names, stories, and testimonies arenot heard in public or used by researchers. As survivor testimony continues to be acrucial genre to Holocaust studies, perspectives that pertain to how, and for whom,survivor stories are told highlight problems that relate to vulnerabilities, digitizationand accessibility. This paper would present the research project, The Ethical Dilemmas of Digitalization:Vulnerability and Holocaust collections, that was designed to research and explain how ethical problems become embedded in collections that pertain to Holocaust survivorsthrough processes of archivization, organization and digitization. The project also aimsto present suggestions for how these ethical problems can be addressed byreconceptualizing digitization as transformation by developing participatory and ethicalarchiving/digitization methods in order to make the collections like the Jewish Memories accessible.

  • 32.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Experiencing and Remembering the Hachscharah. Documents and Stories from and about the Hehalutz in Sweden2022In: Quest: Issues in Contemporary Jewish History., E-ISSN 2037-741X, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the spring of 1933, the halutz-quota was established in Sweden. This quota gave young German Jews the possibility to come to Sweden as transmigrants to receive training in agricultural work for 18 months and then continue to Palestine. In total, between the years 1933-1941 490 teenagers were sent to Sweden through the halutz-quota. The focus of this article is on how and what the young people communicate about their time in Sweden in different sources. Drawing from various unpublished materials produced within the movement in Sweden as well as interviews with former members of the He-Halutz, the aim is to place the persons who entered Sweden through the halutz-quota as central actors in the text, both as important agents in the past and as constructors of the stories of that past. 

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  • 33.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Johansson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University.
    Migrant Life Stories as Digital Heritage2022In: Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research, E-ISSN 2000-1525, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 202-224Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Following the ambitions of international and national policy makers to digitalize the cultural heritage sector, a growing research field that deals with digitalization and cultural heritage has emerged. However, it has been argued that too much focus has been placed on technology and information policy issues and that research on how to achieve administrative effectiveness and preservation has taken precedence over studies of different actors’ engagement, participation and access to cultural heritage. Previous studies have also tended to problematize the “hows” rather than the “whys” of processes associated with digital heritage and digitalization. In addition, research has shown that collections documenting minorities and marginalized groups have been excluded from national strategies concerning the digitalization of cultural heritage. Therefore, the aim of this article is to investigate why and under what conditions digital heritage about and with migrants has been initiated, created and curated. We study the motives and the roles of different stakeholders in the digitization and patrimonialization processes of one collection containing life stories from migrants. Furthermore, in the article we understand stakeholders not only as decision makers, owners or managers, but also as any person or organization that feels affected by whatever happens to the object or piece defined as heritage. Consequently, a central element in the methodology of this research was the interviews conducted with crucial actors in relation to their engagements with the studied collection. During the interviews, we paid specific attention to the different motives of the involved stakeholders and why it was important to them that the collection was created and digitized.

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    Migrant Life Stories as Digital Heritage
  • 34.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Muntlig historia2022In: Metod: Guide för historiska studier / [ed] Martin Gustavsson & Yvonne Svanström, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2022, 2, p. 187-212Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Muntlig historia kan användas som en dokumenterande metod för att skapa en ny primärkälla och för att nå ny eller utökad kunskap om det förflutna. Muntlig historia kan även praktiseras som en kulturanalytisk metod för att undersöka och söka förstå vilka kulturella komponenter som finns i en berättelse om ett ihågkommet och tolkat minne av det förflutna eller en särskild händelse i det förgångna. Minnet används då inte enbart som källa utan är i sig undersökningsobjektet. Utgångspunkten är då att minnet är en aktiv process som ständigt omförhandlar och skapar ett meningsfullt förflutet, och inte en passiv förvaringsbox för fakta om en förfluten tid. Forskningsuppgiften blir därmed inte enbart att söka nå och skapa ny empirisk kunskap om det förflutna, utan även att förstå denna aktiva process genom vilken en eller flera berättare skapar meningsfulla historier om det förflutna i olika situationer och kontexter. I detta kapitel diskuteras såväl den dokumenterande som den kulturanalytiska utgångspunkten för att praktisera muntlig historia.

  • 35.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    “No, I never thought that we were different.” Vulnerability, Descriptive Discourses and Agency in the Archive2022In: From Dust to Dawn: Archival Studies After the Archival Turn / [ed] Ann Öhrberg, Tim Berndtsson, Otto Fischer, Annie Mattsson, Uppsala: Uppsala Rethorical Studies , 2022, p. 333-358Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    With the point of departure in discussions on knowledge production within the research filed of oral history and Judith Butler’s discussions on vulnerability and agency this article explores the collecting practices and archiving of stories from one group that often is referred to as vulnerable in Swedish society, the Jewish minority. The analysis is based on life stories kept in the archive of the Nordic Museum in Stockholm (Nordiska museet), that came about as the result of project focusing on Jewish memories in Sweden. The article explores in which ways the different actors – the professionals from the museum and the interviewees – in the knowledge production reaffirmed or contested prevailing discourses about Jewishness in the 1990’s and how this is manifested in different ways during the collecting process, archival practices and in the archived materials. The analysis demonstrates how a memory institution, despite the best intentions, might contribute to maintaining stereotyping discourses on for example Jewishness. However, the analysis also gives examples on how vulnerability enters agency when some of the individual Jewish narrators resisted certain descriptive discourses on Jewishness during the interviewees and the archival process. Hence, an important conclusion from this study is that the power of the knowledge production in the archive does not only belong to the initiators and interviewers working with the collection, but also to the individual narrators – when their acts of resistance is recognized as central in the creation of the collection and its archived narratives

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  • 36.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Englund, Martin
    Södertörns högskola.
    Taavetti, Riikka
    University of Helsinki.
    Jouhki, Essi
    University of Jyväskylä .
    Årstad, Inger Christine
    Memoar.
    Hasselberg, Cathrine
    Memoar.
    Oral History in the Nordic Countries: Past, Present and Future2022In: Nordiska historikermötet: Book of abstracts for the 30th Congress of Nordic Historians,sorted by submission type and session number, 2022, p. 365-Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Oral history has been a vast and diversified field in the Nordic countries for several decades. The proposed roundtable is gathering senior and junior oral historians from oral history organizations or associations in three of the Nordic countries: The Finnish Oral History Network (FOHN), Memoar in Norway and the Oral History in Sweden (OHIS). The aim is to discuss and understand the past, present and future of oral history in the Nordic countries.       

    The roundtable will take on a wider perspective on oral history in the Nordic countries.  What have been done in the past and what perspectives have been applied? What subjects has been researched and what is missing out? What theoretical and methodological developments can we see in the field of oral history in the Nordic Countries? What is the position of oral history in the universities, in relation to history and other disciplines? What are the major trends and how has our understanding and practice of oral history changed/not changed over time and space? What similarities and differences are there regarding how oral history is practiced in the Nordic countries? How and what can we learn from each other? What can we expect in the future from oral history in the Nordic countries in terms of developments, cooperation etc.?

    Organizers: Martin Englund & Malin Thor Tureby

  • 37.
    Johansson, Christina
    et al.
    Malmö University, Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare (MIM). Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), Department of Global Political Studies (GPS).
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Vikten av historiska och humanistiska perspektiv: exemplet migration och rörelse2022Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 38.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Digitization as transformation2021Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Although digitization has become a word that is almost synonymous with democratization and citizen participation, many museums and other cultural heritage institutions have found it difficult to live up to this political vision of inclusivity and access for all. In Sweden, political ambitions to digitize the cultural heritage sector are high. Yet, institutions still struggle to reconcile their previous practices with the new technologies and ethical guidelines for collecting and curating material. This presenation discuss, with a collection of Holocaust stories that has not been digitized as an example, some of the the current gaps that exists between cultural heritage practice and government policy on digitization, open access, and research ethics. In the presentation I will also discuss some suggestions on how these issues can be resolved by reimagining digitization as transformation.

  • 39.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    En kritisk blick på arkiv2021Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 40.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Rudberg, Pontus
    Kvist Geverts, Karin
    Hessérus, Mattias
    Moderniteten som framgång och tragedi: En vänbok till Lars M Andersson om ett föränderligt 1900-tal2021Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vilka uttryck tog sig modernitetens födelse i Sverige? Hur ser förbindelsen ut mellan folkmord och kultur? Och hur återskapar historikern förlorade historiska erfarenheter?

    I Moderniteten som framgång och tragedi undersöker tjugosex forskare ett motsägelsefullt och dynamiskt 1900-tal. Utifrån skilda perspektiv behandlar antologins författare ämnen som kulturhistoria, judaistik, minnesforskning och historieskrivandet som konst och metod.

    Med det svenska folkhemmets skenbara idyll och det stormiga Europas komplexa verklighet i fokus besvarar den här antologin frågor om vad moderniteten inneburit för människan som individ och samhällsvarelse. Och vad det betyder att vara modern.

     

  • 41.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Pionjärer, flyktingar och överlevande: Hechaluz i Sverige 1933-19492021In: Heimat Sverige? Tysk-judisk emigration till Sverige 1774-1945 / [ed] Lars M Andersson, Helmut Müssener & Daniel Pedersen, Stockholm: Bokförlaget Faethon , 2021, p. 443-462Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    The Holocaust and the Jewish Survivors in the Swedish-Jewish Press, 1945–19552021In: Early Holocaust memory in Sweden: Archives, testimonies and reflections / [ed] Johannes Heuman, Pontus Rudberg, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021, p. 249-285Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter examines the Jewish public discourse on the Holocaust and the survivors in Sweden during the first decade after the war. The author concludes that there was no silence surrounding the Holocaust in the Swedish-Jewish press. On the contrary, the press became an important arena for various discussions about the Holocaust. However, the author also identifies silences, or rather the absence of coherent narratives concerning Swedish-Jewish heroes and heroines, or actions taken by the Swedish-Jewish community on behalf of the persecuted Jews of Europe as well as concerning Jewish survivors in Sweden, especially women, who were not commonly present in the two main Swedish-Jewish publications. This is surprising, considering that most of the survivors in Sweden were indeed women.

  • 43.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Johansson, Jesper
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Critical reflections on how oral history can be used both as method and a source to investigate different authorities in knowledge production: the case of MIG Talks2020Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we will discuss and critically reflect how oral history can be used both as method and a source to investigate different authorities in knowledge production at cultural heritage institutions with oral history collections, with the case study MigTALKS as one empirical example.

    MigTALKS was initially a so-called communication project instigated by the Swedish Migration Board with the purpose to put a face on the “immigrants” and to counteract a discourse about migrants as “poor refugees”. The project collected 100 life stories from migrants, which were donated to the archive of the Nordic Museum after the communication project was finished. 

    Using methodologies previously progressed for investigating the authorities in the knowledge production processes at cultural heritage institutions (Thor Tureby 2013,2015; Thor Tureby & Johansson 2020) we explore the different actors’ understandings of MigTALKS as an oral history collection (the Migration Board, the Nordic Museum and the migrants). The concept shared authority (Frisch 1990) is central and used to challenge Laurajane Smith’s (2006) theory authorized heritage discourse (AHD) for analyzing the authority in the cultural heritage sector. In the presentation we will discuss how this methodology can be used to analyze not only how the authority of the migration board and the cultural heritage institution framed the interviews and the knowledge production, but also how the persons who contributed with their stories are expressing their authority, knowledge, and interpretations of and as migrants on migration.

  • 44.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI). Linköpings universitet.
    ”Den som pekar på andras brister visar därigenom sina egna”: Genmäle till Pontus Rudberg2020In: Nordisk judaistik - Scandinavian Jewish Studies, ISSN 0348-1646, Vol. 31, no 2, p. 92-97Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Genmäle i den pågående diskussionen mellan Malin Thor Tureby och Pontus Rudberg om svenk-judisk historieforskning (se Vol 31 No 1). 

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  • 45.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Linköpings Universitet.
    Digitization, Vulnerability, and Holocaust Collections2020In: Santander Art and Culture Law Review, ISSN 2391-7997, Vol. 6, no 2, p. 87-118Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although digitization has become a word that is almostsynonymous with democratization and citizen participation, manymuseums and other cultural heritage institutions have found it difficult to live up to this political vision of inclusivity and access for all.In Sweden, political ambitions to digitize the cultural heritage sectorare high. Yet, institutions still struggle to reconcile their previouspractices with new technologies and ethical guidelines for collecting and curating material. In this article we identify, analyse, andtry to find resolutions for the current gap that exists between cultural heritage practice and government policy on digitization, openaccess, and research ethics. By examining two Swedish examplesof Holocaust collections that have not been digitized because of internal policies of secrecy and confidentiality, we attempt to demonstrate how discourses about vulnerability affect the ways in whichcertain archival practices resist policies of accessibility and ethicalresearch. In order to unpack the discourses on vulnerability, Carol Bacchi’s post-structural approach to policy analysis has been usedtogether with Judith Butler’s theories on vulnerability and resistance. In addition to understanding how cultural heritage institutionsin Sweden have protected some of their collections and how thishas obstructed efforts to make these collections more accessible,we  also offer some suggestions on how these issues can be resolved by reimagining digitization as transformation.

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  • 46.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Flyktingar och hjälpverksamhet i arkiv och historieskrivning2020In: Människor, mening och motstånd: En vänbok till professor Mats Greiff / [ed] Stefan Nyzell och Susan Lindholm, Malmö: Malmö universitet, 2020, p. 277-304Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Flyktingar och hjälpverksamhet i arkiv och historieskrivning
  • 47.
    Ewa, Manikowska
    et al.
    Institute of Art, Polish Academy of Science.
    Pasternak, GilDe Montfort University.Thor Tureby, MalinMalmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Santander Art & Culture Law Review: Special Issue: Cultural Heritage and Technology (Guest Editorial)2020Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI). Linköpings universitet.
    Svenska judars berättelser om flyktingar, överlevande och hjälpverksamheter under och efter Förintelsen2020In: Nordisk judaistik - Scandinavian Jewish Studies, ISSN 0348-1646, Vol. 31, no 2, p. 60-84Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Swedish Jews’ supposed inactivity over Europe’s persecuted Jews during the Holocaust has been a prevalent discourse during the post-war period. This article ponders the origins of that discourse and how it affects how and what Swedish Jews narrate about aid and relief work, and Jewish refugees and survivors, when recounting their memories from the 1930s and 1940s. This investigation also examines how previous research has addressed and represented the aid efforts of the Jewish minority in Sweden and discusses what new empirical knowledge about Swedish Jewish aid and relief work during the Holocaust we can ascertain by using oral history. Hence, it is also a contribution to the ongoing debate in the research field of ‘refugee studies’, initiated by the historians Philip Marfleet and Peter Gatrell, who emphasise both the importance of working with historical perspectives and asking questions about the sources at the disposal of historians and what sources they choose to work with when writing about aid, relief work and refugees.

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    Svenska judars berättelser om flyktingar...
  • 49.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    et al.
    Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Society, Culture and Identity (SKI).
    Wagrell, Kristin
    Linköpings universitet.
    Vittnesmål från Förintelsen och de överlevandes berättelser.: Definitioner, insamlingar och användningar, 1939–20202020Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this report we discuss how testimonies from survivors of the Holocaust and Nazi persecution have been defined, collected, and used in Sweden during the period 1939-2020. Although we were originally asked by the Living History Forum to focus our research overview on Holocaust survivors (meaning Jewish survivors of the Shoah) we decided to include other survivor experiences as well. This choice was not made to diminish or marginalize Jewish survivor stories. Rather, we decided to use a broad and inclusive definition of the term survivor (“överlevande”) because we have found that, in a post-war commemorative and historiographical context, different survivor histories and identities are inextricably linked. Polish Catholic survivors in Sweden helped bring awareness to the Holocaust and Jewish survivors were some of the first to study and explain Porrajmos, Nazi Germany’s genocide of the Roma. These liaisons led us to focus on survivor activism and agency, and the solidarities that came thereof, rather than the particularities of one group’s experiences. In addition to applying a broader definition of the term survivor, we also chose to extend the time-period specified in the brief for this report. Instead of beginning in 1945, we take 1939 as our starting point in order to underscore the fact that Holocaust testimonies were collected even before the end of the Second World War. Using the Oneg Shabbat archives, established in 1939 and the historical commissions that were formed at the end of the War as a backdrop, we thus begin by explaining how and by whom collections of Holocaust testimony first commenced. Here, we emphasize the fact that little scholarship exists on the situatedness of Swedish collection efforts in a greater European and international context. Furthermore, although some efforts have been made recently to highlight that the survivors themselves were some of the most ardent collectors of testimony, these aspects need to be further explored in relation to earlier historiographies on Swedish collections. This argument continues throughout the second section of the report in which we discuss efforts during the 1950s and 1970s to collect survivor stories and study survivor afterlives in a Swedish context. Continuing with “the Era of the Witness”, we discuss how different definitions of the term testimony and methodologies of collecting developed through the creation of large-scale witnessing projects in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s. This is done in order to understand the methodologies (as well as the ontologies that underpinned them) that   informed Swedish Holocaust collections such as Jewish Memories at the Nordic Museum and The Memory Archive collected by the Committee for Living History. Through these discussions we question the assumption that testimonies are simply a giving and taking of a narrative. Based on the American psychologist and Holocaust researcher Henry Greenspan’s writings on listening to Holocaust survivors, we argue that the term  testimony is only one of many terms that describe the ways in which  survivors express their memories. Perhaps, we contend, it is time to consider a different set of terms – stories, recounting, ways of telling –  so that we can grasp the entire spectrum of how survivors communicate, and have communicated their thoughts, ideas and memories. We also problematize the fact that discourses on survivor silence have obscured further knowledge on different forms of survivor expression, and that more research is needed in order to understand how and within which institutional contexts survivors have told their stories. Finally, we address questions regarding the second and third generation of survivors. What are their roles in telling the stories of their parents and grandparents? How can we understand their own stories in relation to Holocaust memory? These are questions that are beginning to emerge within Swedish Holocaust research but that need more attention in relation to literary and artistic expression, practices of archiving and processes of digitalization and open access. Even though we were asked to write an overview of research that concerned definitions as well collections and use, it was difficult to say anything conclusive about the first of these three. To this date, no research exists that significantly engages with definitions of the terms “överlevande” or “överlevare” which are commonly used today to refer to survivors in Sweden. We, therefore, hope to see more studies that aim to understand both how these terms have developed over time, but also how they relate to the formation of survivor identities and conditions for commemorating and remembering the Holocaust. These issues become increasingly important as steps are taken towards a Swedish Holocaust museum. Hopefully, this new institution will view survivors, not merely as living documents of Holocaust history, but as people with agency and a history of their own. 

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  • 50. Olsson, Annika
    et al.
    Thor Tureby, Malin
    The many Voices of Oral HIstory in Sweden: Past, Present and Future2014Conference paper (Other academic)
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