This thesis takes on a decolonial approach by applying the Green IR theory and postcolonial theory to examine how Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) as framed by Indigenous groups across Southeast Asia differs from its framing by the State and international financial institutions operating in the region. Using critical discourse analysis on public statements, news articles, and conference reports, this thesis investigates how language and discourse shape the understanding and discussion of indigenous rights to consent. It explores how different stakeholders (such as the World Bank, ADB, the state, and different indigenous organisations) communicate about FPIC, revealing contradictions and instabilities in the definition of consent, and identifies conflicting interests, ideologies and power struggles as factors that influence compliance and implementation.