This study investigates the frequent repurposing of Interpol Red Notices by authoritarian regimes, with particular attention to how Russia, China, and Turkey employ these instruments to pursue exiled political dissidents under the pretext of criminal prosecution. Utilizing a qualitative, comparative case study methodology, the analysis examines six illustrative cases to demonstrate how Red Notices operate as tools of transnational repression, enabling states to project coercive power beyond their territorial boundaries. The research builds upon a triangulated evidentiary base comprising legal documentation, institutional publications, reports from non-governmental organizations, and investigative journalism. Focus is given to the responses of host states, notably the United Kingdom and the United States, to evaluate the capacity of their legal and institutional frameworks to identify and address politically motivated alerts. The findings suggest that, despite normative commitments to the rule of law, liberal democracies often exhibit structural shortcomings and inconsistent engagement in responding to such alerts. The study concludes by proposing reforms to enhance procedural safeguards within Interpol and to strengthen domestic review mechanisms, reinforcing the legitimacy of international legal cooperation.