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A Method for Computerized Olfactory Assessment and Training Outside of Laboratory or Clinical Settings
Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), School of Arts and Communication (K3).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4132-2287
Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), School of Arts and Communication (K3).
Stockholm University.
Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), School of Arts and Communication (K3).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9894-1209
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2021 (English)In: i-Perception, E-ISSN 2041-6695, Vol. 12, no 3Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

There are currently few ways to reliably and objectively assess olfaction outside of the research laboratory or clinic. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for remote olfactory assessment; in particular, smell training at home is a promising method for olfactory rehabilitation, but further methodological advances might enhance its effectiveness and range of use. Here, we present Exerscent, a portable, low-cost olfactory display designed primarily for uses outside of the laboratory and that can be operated with a personal computer. Exerscent includes Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags that are attached to odor stimuli and read with a MFRC522 module RFID reader/antenna that encodes the odor in order to provide adaptive challenges for the user (e.g., an odor identification task). Hardware parts are commercially available or 3D printed. Instructions and code for building the Exerscent are freely available online (https://osf.io/kwftm/). As a proof of concept, we present a case study in which a participant trained daily to identify 54 odors, improving from 81% to 96% accuracy over 16 consecutive days. In addition, results from a laboratory experiment with 11 volunteers indicated a very high level of perceived usability and engagement. Exerscent may be used for olfactory skills development (e.g., perfumery, enology), and rehabilitation purposes (e.g., postviral olfactory loss), but it also allows for other forms of technological interactions such as olfactory-based recreational interactions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2021. Vol. 12, no 3
Keywords [en]
olfactory assessment, olfactory displays, olfactory interactions, smell training
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44142DOI: 10.1177/20416695211023953ISI: 000663460800001PubMedID: 34178300Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85107781186OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-44142DiVA, id: diva2:1572464
Available from: 2021-06-23 Created: 2021-06-23 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved

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Niedenthal, SimonNilsson, JohannesCuartielles, David

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