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The growing demand in Europe for reconstructive clitoral surgery after Female Genital Cutting: A looping effect of the dominant discourse?
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Social Work (SA). Malmö University, Centre for Sexology and Sexuality Studies (CSS). (Hälsa och samhälle)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7625-5873
2020 (English)In: Droit et Cultures, ISSN 0247-9788, E-ISSN 2109-9421, Vol. 79, no 1, p. 141-166Article in journal (Other academic) Published
Abstract [en]

When activism to combat «female circumcision» gained momentum in the 1980s, a discursive gap was created that persists until today. On the one hand, campaigners, activists, governments and some scholars promoted a discourse that focused on these practices as mutilations; on the other hand, not all scholars were willing to adopt the new term (FGM, «female genital mutilation») or to drop the perspective that these practices must be described within their wider contexts, with the full variations in different settings. Starting from this gap, this article discusses «reconstructive clitoral surgery», or «clitoris repair», as a cultural phenomenon growing out of the first discursive stream. Using Ian Hacking’s concepts «interactive kinds» and «looping effect», I argue that the increasing demand for reconstructive clitoral surgery in European countries needs to be understood in relation to the dominant anti-FGM discourse. While many interdisciplinary teams around Europe strive toward providing a holistic and respectful care for women requesting the surgery, I contend that the ubiquitous anti-FGM discourse has negative effects for both circumcised women who opt for surgery and those who do not.

Abstract [fr]

Quand les activistes combattent « l’excision » dans les années 1980, un fossé discursif s’est créé et persiste aujourd’hui. Les militants, les ONG, les gouvernements et certains chercheurs considèrent ces pratiques comme des mutilations, tandis que d’autres chercheurs n’ont pas adopté le nouveau terme de « mutilations génitales féminines » ou MGF et n’adhéraient pas à la perspective que ces pratiques devaient être décrites à l’intérieur d’un contexte plus large comprenant une multitude de variations. Partant de ce décalage, cet article discute la « chirurgie reconstructive clitoridienne » ou « la reconstruction clitoridienne » comme un phénomène culturel en plein essor. Utilisant le concept de « loupe grossissante » de Ian Hacking, nous montrons que la demande croissante pour la chirurgie reconstructive clitoridienne dans les pays européens doit être comprise en relation au discours dominant contre les mutilations génitales féminines. Alors que beaucoup d’équipes interdisciplinaires en Europe essayent de fournir un encadrement holistique et respectueux pour les femmes qui ont recours à la chirurgie, nous observons que ce discours hégémonique anti-FGM a des effets négatifs pour les femmes qui choisissent ou non la chirurgie.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Paris: L’Harmattan , 2020. Vol. 79, no 1, p. 141-166
Keywords [en]
Anti-FGM discourse, Reconstructive clitoral surgery, Clitoris repair, Interactive kinds, Sexual health
Keywords [fr]
mutilations génitales féminines, discours anti-MGF, chirurgie reconstructive du clitoris, réparation du clitoris, santé sexuelle
National Category
Gender Studies
Research subject
Health and society studies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-37490DOI: 10.4000/droitcultures.6153OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-37490DiVA, id: diva2:1508454
Available from: 2020-12-10 Created: 2020-12-10 Last updated: 2026-03-12Bibliographically approved

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Johnsdotter, Sara

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