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ICD-BEHANDLINGENS EFFEKT PÅ PATIENTENS LIVSKVALITET
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
2019 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Hjärt-och kärlsjukdomar är den vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen. En behandlingsform som skyddar mot hjärt-och kärlsjukdomar i form av plötslig hjärtdöd och livshotande arytmier är en Implanterbar Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). ICD-apparaten kan bland annat avge defibrilleringar när hjärtats rytm avviker från normal sinusrytm. Hälsorelaterad livskvalitet kan mätas för att avgöra hur en viss behandling påverkar människors livskvalitet. Hälsorelaterad livskvalitet kan mätas med hjälp av olika mätskalor. Skalorna undersöker bland annat patienters hälsostatus, emotionell och psykisk funktion och hur dessa påverkar det sociala och dagliga livet. Begreppet kan även brytas ner till olika domäner i form av generell livskvalitet samt psykiska domän i form av depression och ångest. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka hur ICD-behandlingen påverkar den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten hos personer med en implanterbar ICD. Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvantitativ ansats tillämpades och baserades på tolv vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten hos hjärtsjuka patienter inför en ICD-behandling var signifikant försämrad, i jämförelse med generell befolkning. Den rapporterade livskvaliteten hos hjärtsjuka människor uppmättes som lägst kort innan en ICD-implantation och ICD-behandlingen utgav en signifikant förbättring på livskvaliteten, sex till tolv månader efter implantionen. Ångestrelaterade tankar, depression, den emotionella, psykiska och mentala hälsan angav förbättrade resultat när patienterna fått ICD-behandling, i jämförelse med hur den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten hos patienterna var före behandlingen. Konklusion: Den hälsorelaterade livskvaliteten tenderade att höjas hos hjärtsjuka patienter som fått en implanterad ICD. Utan ICD-behandling uppmätte hjärtsjuka patienter en signifikant försämrad livskvalitet, i jämförelse med generell befolkning. Däremot försvann den signifikanta skillnaden i hälsorelaterad livskvaliteten mellan hjärtsjuka patienter och generell befolkning efter att de hjärtsjuka erhållit en ICD-behandling.

Abstract [en]

Background: Heart-diseases are the most common cause of death in the whole world. Treatment that could possibly save patients from sudden cardiac arrest and life-threatening arrhythmias is the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). The ICD can for instance give defibrillations when the heart departs from regular sinus rhythm. Health-related quality of life can be measured to assess how a certain treatment is affecting peoples’ quality of life. ICD-treatment can be measured in health-related quality of life. Health-related quality of life can be measured with help of different types of measurements and scales. It investigates the patients’ health-status and physical and emotional function and in which way it impacts the daily and social life. Health-related quality of life is a huge concept that can be divided in to smaller domains, like general quality of life and physical symptoms like depression and anxiety. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how ICD-treatment infects patients’ health-related quality of life. Method: A literature review with quantitative study-design, based on twelve scientific articles. Result: The health-related quality of life in patients with cardiac problems who are facing an ICD-treatment were significant worse, in comparison with the general population. However, the reported quality of life in patients with cardiac problems was measured at its lowest shortly before the ICD-implantation and the ICD-treatment had a significant improvement on the quality of life, six to twelve months after the implantation. Anxiety-related thoughts, depression, the emotional, physical and mental health indicated a better result when the patients with cardiac problems received an implantable ICD, in comparison with how the health-related quality of life were before the treatment. Conclusion: The health-related quality of life tends to increase after the patients with cardiac problems received an ICD. Without the ICD-treatment, the patients with cardiac problems measure a significantly worse quality of life, in comparison to the general population. However, the significantly worse impact on the quality of life in patients with cardiac problems in comparison with the general population, disappeared after the patients received an ICD.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle , 2019. , p. 38
Keywords [sv]
Hjärtsjukdomar, hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, ICD, implanterbar cardioverter defibrillator, omvårdnad., : Health-related quality of life, heart-diseases, ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, nursing
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24163Local ID: 27600OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-24163DiVA, id: diva2:1485580
Educational program
HS Sjuksköterskeutbildning
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Examiners
Available from: 2020-11-02 Created: 2020-11-02Bibliographically approved

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