This chapter examines the shifting character of the normative underpinnings of transnational responsibility in Swedish state-provided social protection – more specifically, access to the basic protection part of the national retirement pension, as well as the portability of this protection in international situations. It explores the shifting ideologies of transnational social responsibility for the Swedish retirement pension. Transnational social responsibility in Sweden has varied considerably from when the first retirement pension was established in 1913 right up to the present day. Generally, the retirement pension in Sweden consists of two parts, one basic and one compensatory level of protection. International agreements that permit the transfer of acquired pension rights play an important role for people who move to or from Sweden, especially if this mobility involves re-migration over the entire working life, or if the move occurs late in life.