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"Vi måste kunna dansa i ramen": en multietnografisk studie om vad undervisning kan bli i förskola
Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Childhood, Education and Society (BUS).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4663-1871
2025 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis explores what teaching can be in preschool. In this thesis, I begin with a curious exploration to understand teaching based on the premises of preschool practice, where pedagogical relationships are central. This means that teaching is specifically examined through the lens of preschool daily life. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute knowledge about what teaching can be in preschool, based on a multiethnographic study. The thesis is composed of three articles and a kappa. Two of the articles are based on empirical studies conducted in preschools using a video camera as a tool to generate empirical data. The third article is driven by a theoretical consideration of children's education in preschool.

Linked to Kansanen's pedagogical levels, the thesis contributes knowledge about teaching in preschools that involve a movement between 1) action language, 2) theoretical language, and 3) meta-theoretical language and methodological analysis language. The kappa is driven by an overarching research question, which is answered through a movement between Kansanen's pedagogical levels, offering further contributions through the concept of didaktik multilanguaging. Teaching in preschool, both in practice and in theory, can be both out of step and in step, involving educators, children, and objects/content, and can be much more than just finding tools to measure knowledge. The thesis contributes to ongoing discussions on how teaching, based on the preschool's premises, can have the opportunity to become socially just through didaktik multilanguaging in preschool education. Social Justice as didaktik multilanguaging focuses on social justice as the relationship between languages between the child, educator, and content/object, between the action level and the (meta)theoretical level.

Abstract [sv]

Den här avhandlingen utforskar vad undervisning kan bli i förskola. 

I avhandlingen utgår jag från ett nyfiket utforskande för att förstå undervisning utifrån förskolepraktikens premisser där pedagogiska relationer är centrala. Det innebär specifikt att undervisning utforskas med förskolevardagen som utgångspunkt.  Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra med kunskap om vad undervisning kan bli i förskola utifrån en multietnografisk studie. Avhandlingen grundas på tre artiklar och en kappa. Två av artiklarna grundas på empiriska studier genomförda i förskola med en videokamera som verktyg för att generera empiri. Avhandlingens tredje artikel drivs av ett teoretisk tänkande om yngre barns utbildning i förskola. 

Med anknytning till Kansanens pedagogiska nivåer, bidrar avhandlingen med kunskap om undervisning i förskola som innehar en rörelse mellan 

1) aktionsspråk 2) teoretiskt språk och 3) meta-teoretiskt språk och metodologiskt analysspråk. 

Kappan drivs av en övergripande forskningsfråga som besvaras genom en rörelse mellan Kansanens pedagogiska nivåer vilket erbjuder ytterligare bidrag genom begreppet didaktiskt flerspråkande. Undervisning i förskola såväl i praktik som i teori kan vara både i takt och otakt och inkludera pedagoger, barn och objekt/innehåll och kan vara mycket mer än att hitta verktyg för att mäta kunskap. Avhandlingen bidrar till fortsatta diskussioner om hur undervisning utifrån förskolans premisser kan ha en möjlighet att bli socialt rättvis genom didaktiskt flerspråkande i förskolans utbildning. Social rättvisa som didaktiskt flerspråkande fokuserar social rättvisa som språkande relation mellan barn, pedagog och innehåll/objekt, mellan aktionsnivå och (meta)teoretisk nivå. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö: Malmö University Press, 2025. , p. 157
Series
Malmö Studies in Educational Sciences: Doctoral Dissertation Series, ISSN 1651-4513, E-ISSN 2004-9161 ; 112
Keywords [en]
Didaktik Multilanguaging, multiethnography, pedagogical levels, pedagogical relations, play responsive teaching, social justice, spontaneous teaching in preschool
Keywords [sv]
Didaktiskt flerspråkande, pedagogiska nivåer, multietnografi, pedagogiska relationer, social rättvisa, spontan undervisning i förskola, lekresponsiv undervisning
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-79330DOI: 10.24834/isbn.9789178776627ISBN: 9789178776610 (print)ISBN: 9789178776627 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-79330DiVA, id: diva2:1995960
Public defence
2025-10-10, Orkanen D:138, Malmö universitet, Malmö, 13:15 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Paper II in dissertation as manuscript with title "Drawing as a tool to explore the complexity of intersubjectivity in Early Childhood Education and Care"

Incorrect e-ISBN in the printed version

Available from: 2025-09-11 Created: 2025-09-08 Last updated: 2026-07-06Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Responser som grund för gemensamt innehåll: Om undervisning i förskola
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Responser som grund för gemensamt innehåll: Om undervisning i förskola
2024 (Swedish)In: Nordisk Barnehageforskning, E-ISSN 1890-9167, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 165-185Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Sedan 2018 ingår undervisning i läroplanen för förskola i Sverige. Detta har lett till ett behov av en bredare förståelse för hur undervisning kan genomföras i förskola. I föreliggande studie består data av videoobservationer genomförda med etnografisk metod och syftet är att bidra med kunskap om undervisning som en gemensam handling mellan pedagoger och barn i förskola. Mer specifikt utforskas karaktären av responser mellan pedagoger och barn samt hur gemensamt innehåll framträder i interaktion mellan barn och pedagoger. Syftet är relaterat till metod och interaktionsanalys där verbalt tal och kroppsliga uttryck tillskrivs samma värde och är sammanflätade. Det senare är relaterat till studiens sammanhang, som är en förskola och specifikt en språkavdelning med deltagare från 3 års ålder. Resultatet visar att innehåll mellan pedagoger och barn där responsivitet innebär både kroppsliga och verbala uttryck för handling öppnar för att förstå undervisning som gemensam och som en samhandling där innehållet växer fram och växlar mellan pedagoger och barn. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cappelen Damm Akademisk, 2024
National Category
Pedagogy Educational Sciences Didactics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-69186 (URN)10.23865/nbf.v21.554 (DOI)
Available from: 2024-06-19 Created: 2024-06-19 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
2. The Complexity of Intersubjectivity in ECEC: Using Drawing as a Method of Inquiry
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The Complexity of Intersubjectivity in ECEC: Using Drawing as a Method of Inquiry
2026 (English)In: Journal of Early Childhood Education Research, E-ISSN 2323-7414, Vol. 15, no 3, p. 55-79Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study explores intersubjectivity in early childhood education and care (ECEC) through interaction and drawing analyses. It highlights the interactions between a teacher and two children, emphasising the mechanisms that either hinder or promote intersubjectivity. Using micro-level ethnographic methods, data from video observations are analysed with theoretical concepts from the theory of play-responsive teaching. The aim is to contribute to understanding the complexities of intersubjectivity and to show how drawing analysis, in combination with interaction analysis, may enhance insight into the complexities. The integration of drawing and interaction analyses reveals that different interpretations of objects by children and educators significantly influence the formation of intersubjectivity. This finding encourages a discussion on potential shifts in the concept of intersubjectivity, expanding it beyond merely interpersonal aspects within the theory of play-responsive teaching. Broadening the scope of intersubjectivity can also impact pedagogical practices, such as in the establishment of joint activities.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Early Childhood Education Association Finland (ECEAF), 2026
Keywords
responses, interaction analysis, drawing analysis, As if/As is
National Category
Pedagogy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-85043 (URN)10.58955/jecer.159925 (DOI)
Available from: 2026-06-05 Created: 2026-06-05 Last updated: 2026-06-11Bibliographically approved
3. Educational Encounters as Emancipatory: Children and Educators as Beings and Becomings
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Educational Encounters as Emancipatory: Children and Educators as Beings and Becomings
2025 (English)In: Utbildning och Demokrati, ISSN 1102-6472, E-ISSN 2001-7316, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 29-48Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article explores how teaching and play are conceptualised in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). It draws upon previous research to highlight a linguistic challenge related to “the talk of” and the prevalent logic of distinction. Specifically, it addresses how play and teaching, as fundamental concepts in ECEC, tend to create a division between children and educators, known as a logical distinction. To address this concern, the article uses relational theory and the concepts of being and becoming to provide an alternative way of discussing play and teaching in ECEC that transcends this logic of distinction. This alternative language emphasises freedom in the educational interactions between children and educators, thus moving away from the conventional dichotomy observed in the conceptualisation of play and teaching in ECEC.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro University, 2025
Keywords
being and becoming, Early Childhood Education and Care, education, emancipation, encounters, relational theory
National Category
Educational Sciences
Research subject
Science education
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-78154 (URN)10.48059/uod.v34i1.2337 (DOI)
Available from: 2025-06-24 Created: 2025-06-24 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved

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Hultberg Ingridz, Kristine

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