In Scandinavian architecture, the neo-vernacular movement has gained ground as a means of sustainable building design. Hence, the objective of this paper is to investigate Danish and Swedish neo-vernacular in order to examine whether these building approaches are mimicry or reflect genuine alignment with the core values of traditional vernacular. To achieve this, the paper presents a literature review on neo-vernacular architecture and a case study comprising a Danish and a Swedish neo-vernacular dwelling. Main findings include the Scandinavian neo-vernacular as a complex field that holds different approaches to building and overall, shows a significant trend to integrate traditional vernacular with modern design and sustainability principles.