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Healtism and professional identity: group fitness instructors navigating health discourses
Malmö University, Faculty of Education and Society (LS), Department of Sports Sciences (IDV).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1763-9428
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This mixed methods dissertation employs a survey, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussionsto investigate the health consciousness of Les Mills International (LMI) group fitness instructors. UsingFoucauldian concepts such as discourse and bio-power, the study examines instructors’ construction of theirprofessional identity, and the link between professional identity and healthism, a discourse that promulgateshealth as an individual responsibility.The findings reveal that LMI instructors' professional identity is anchored in sociability, commitment, andphysical perfection.Two stereotypical LMI instructor profiles emerged. Firstly, “the sociable instructor”, whovalues interacting with participants and colleagues at the gym, as well as engaging with the global LMIcommunity online. Secondly, the “all about being fit instructor”, who teaches LMI to enhance their individualphysique. Moreover, instructors understand themselves as role models and health gatekeepers aiming tocombat inactivity by exercising vigilantly and adhering to LMI regulations. Moreover, the results show thathealthism constitutes LMI professional identity, upheld through social interactions and a collective belief inhealthism's rationality. Furthermore, instructors understand their professional identity through their bodieswhile positioning the body both as a threat and as a solution to health, which reveals how the constructionof health is framed as an individual endeavor. This perspective was fortified during the COVID-19 pandemic,where staying fit became a defense strategy against the virus.Finally, this thesis shows that healthism is inextricably linked to normative femininity and a pathogenicperspective on health. Since healthism masquerades as an apolitical concept through the body, fitnessculture can be used to reinvent suppressive structures, such as patriarchy, via healthism. Accordingly, thethesis manifests that investigating health consciousness provides a means to dismantle genderedunderstandings of health.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö: Malmö University Press, 2024. , p. 127
Series
Malmö Studies in Sport Sciences, ISSN 1652-3180 ; 44
Keywords [en]
Healthism, Professional Identity, Group Fitness, Fitness Culture, Discourse, Power
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-70453DOI: 10.24834/isbn.9789178775033ISBN: 978-91-7877-502-6 (print)ISBN: 978-91-7877-503-3 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-70453DiVA, id: diva2:1891034
Public defence
2024-09-09, Orkanen, D 138, Nordenskiöldsgatan 10, Malmö, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Paper I  as manuscript.

Paper I  is not included in the fulltext online.

Available from: 2024-08-21 Created: 2024-08-21 Last updated: 2024-09-06Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Being fit and having fun with purpose: What it means to be a Les Milles group fitness instructor
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Being fit and having fun with purpose: What it means to be a Les Milles group fitness instructor
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-70452 (URN)
Available from: 2024-08-20 Created: 2024-08-20 Last updated: 2024-08-21Bibliographically approved
2. Working out Covid-19: Being a Les Mills Instructor and Managing Health in Times of Quarantine
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Working out Covid-19: Being a Les Mills Instructor and Managing Health in Times of Quarantine
2021 (English)In: Time Out: Sport and the Corona Lockdown / [ed] Jörg Krieger, April Henning, Paul Dimeo, & Lindsay Parks Pieper, Common Ground Network: Common Ground Network , 2021Chapter in book (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

On the 11th of March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares the coronavirus to be a pandemic, which is followed by strict measures to contain a spread of the disease.  Yet, COVID-19 is a distinctively different pandemic to the one that was declared in 2012, namely, physical inactivity (Hall & Laddy & Philipps et al. 2020, 1). During the corona related lockdowns, exercising at home employing (online) on-demand services has become increasingly popular. One of the suppliers are the New Zealand-based Les Mills International; currently the worlds’ biggest provider of standardized fitness workouts. With their altruistic motto — for a fitter planet — their exercise routines were taught in more than a hundred countries by approximately 130.000 instructors before the pandemic. Although their virtual alternatives seem successful, group-fitness instructors face severe professional consequences due to corona-restrictions; resulting in the immediate closure of gyms as well as social distancing. By conducting focused group discussions online with Les Mills instructors active in six different countries, this chapter will provide insights into how group-fitness instructors negotiate their roles as fitness professionals during a crisis that challenges/threatens both personal and global health. Respondents discussed how the pandemic has changed their ability to perform their professions, and how they continue to live out their instructorhood in new and alternative ways.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Common Ground Network: Common Ground Network, 2021
National Category
Social Anthropology
Research subject
Health and society
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41409 (URN)978-0-949313-42-3 (ISBN)978-1-86335-229-1 (ISBN)978-1-86335-230-7 (ISBN)
Available from: 2021-03-23 Created: 2021-03-23 Last updated: 2024-08-21Bibliographically approved
3. Being a Group Fitness Instructor during the COVID-19 Crisis: Navigating Professional Identity, Social Distancing,and Community
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Being a Group Fitness Instructor during the COVID-19 Crisis: Navigating Professional Identity, Social Distancing,and Community
2021 (English)In: Social Sciences, E-ISSN 2076-0760, Vol. 10, article id 118Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Research question and purpose: Les Mills is a New Zealand-based fitness distributor with a community consisting of approximately 140.000 instructors worldwide who teach standardized work- out routines. This paper aims to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic and related measurements, such as social distancing affect the everyday lives and professions of Les Mills International (LMI) group fitness instructors. The aim was met with the following research questions: RQ1: How are social distancing and social connectedness understood, and how do they condition LMI instructors’ understanding of their profession? RQ2: What do LMI instructors think about the #LesMillsUnited campaign to maintain a strong trainer community in the midst of the pandemic? RQ3: How do LMI instructors think that group fitness will change long term due to social distancing? Research methods: Using qualitative measures and a case-study-based approach, data were gathered through interviews with LMI-certified group fitness instructors. Seven semi-structured focused group dis- cussions with fifteen group fitness instructors from different countries were conducted and audio recorded. The first round of virtual discussions took place in April 2020, and the follow-up talks in September 2020. A thematic analysis was employed to analyze the material. Results and findings: According to the participants, online classes as a means of upholding group fitness in times of social distancing is an insufficient substitute to face-to-face instructing, lacking social connectedness that is normally maintained through successful rituals or social scripts. Navigating “instructorhood” during the pandemic includes emotional labor where not only relationships to clients are challenged, but instructors also experience societal pressure to reinvent themselves as instructors. Implications: With no way of telling how long social distancing needs to be practiced, the group fitness industry is facing unprecedented challenges. Making sense of the group fitness profession currently preoccupies instructors who may now have to redefine to themselves how they can teach, and who for.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2021
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Research subject
Health and society; Arbete och organisation
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41440 (URN)10.3390/socsci10040118 (DOI)000683776500005 ()2-s2.0-85103850681 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-03-26 Created: 2021-03-26 Last updated: 2024-08-21Bibliographically approved
4. Finding fun in the fatigue: Exploring healthism among group fitness instructors
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Finding fun in the fatigue: Exploring healthism among group fitness instructors
2024 (English)In: European Journal of Cultural Studies, ISSN 1367-5494, E-ISSN 1460-3551Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

The concept of health is culturally contingent, and fitness practices provide a venue to gain insights into the construction of health. In this case study-based article, I focus on group fitness instructors' narratives on healthiness and fitness rituals. By combining Foucault's notion of the 'microphysics of power' and the socio-cultural phenomenon healthism, I employ a genealogical approach that reveals how healthism renders a discursive space for group fitness instructors ('local fitness experts') to navigate their understanding of health norms. A qualitative method consisting of 22 semi-structured interviews was used. Group fitness instructors teaching in Austria for a global group fitness distributor (Les Mills) were interviewed. The results show that eliminating risks to health is the highest imperative to the instructors, which is traced back to a dichotomy between 'disciplined training' and 'fun training', where fun training is seen as feminine and risky. Furthermore, instructors underline their health literacy through skeptical consumerism - choosing health for the sacrifice of fun or finding fun in the fatigue.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2024
Keywords
Bio-power, exercise, glocalization, group fitness, gym culture, healthism, leisure career, Les Mills
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-67307 (URN)10.1177/13675494241245535 (DOI)001206506000001 ()2-s2.0-85191153645 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-05-21 Created: 2024-05-21 Last updated: 2024-08-21Bibliographically approved

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