Malmö University Publications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Characterization of MdpS: an in-depth analysis of a MUC5B-degrading protease from Streptococcus oralis
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Genovis AB, Kävlinge, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1605-5201
Genovis AB, Kävlinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Show others and affiliations
2024 (English)In: Frontiers in Microbiology, E-ISSN 1664-302X, Vol. 15, article id 1340109Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Oral biofilms, comprising hundreds of bacteria and other microorganisms on oral mucosal and dental surfaces, play a central role in oral health and disease dynamics. Streptococcus oralis, a key constituent of these biofilms, contributes significantly to the formation of which, serving as an early colonizer and microcolony scaffold. The interaction between S. oralis and the orally predominant mucin, MUC5B, is pivotal in biofilm development, yet the mechanism underlying MUC5B degradation remains poorly understood. This study introduces MdpS (Mucin Degrading Protease from Streptococcus oralis), a protease that extensively hydrolyses MUC5B and offers an insight into its evolutionary conservation, physicochemical properties, and substrate- and amino acid specificity. MdpS exhibits high sequence conservation within the species and also explicitly among early biofilm colonizing streptococci. It is a calcium or magnesium dependent serine protease with strict physicochemical preferences, including narrow pH and temperature tolerance, and high sensitivity to increasing concentrations of sodium chloride and reducing agents. Furthermore, MdpS primarily hydrolyzes proteins with O-glycans, but also shows activity toward immunoglobulins IgA1/2 and IgM, suggesting potential immunomodulatory effects. Significantly, MdpS extensively degrades MUC5B in the N- and C-terminal domains, emphasizing its role in mucin degradation, with implications for carbon and nitrogen sequestration for S. oralis or oral biofilm cross-feeding. Moreover, depending on substrate glycosylation, the amino acids serine, threonine or cysteine triggers the enzymatic action. Understanding the interplay between S. oralis and MUC5B, facilitated by MdpS, has significant implications for the management of a healthy eubiotic oral microenvironment, offering potential targets for interventions aimed at modulating oral biofilm composition and succession. Additionally, since MdpS does not rely on O-glycan removal prior to extensive peptide backbone hydrolysis, the MdpS data challenges the current model of MUC5B degradation. These findings emphasize the necessity for further research in this field.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2024. Vol. 15, article id 1340109
Keywords [en]
MUC5B, O-glycosylation, Streptococcus oralis, mucin degradation, oral biofilm, serine protease.
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-66146DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1340109ISI: 001155181600001PubMedID: 38304711Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85183933839OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-66146DiVA, id: diva2:1840968
Available from: 2024-02-27 Created: 2024-02-27 Last updated: 2025-11-04Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Breaking the Barrier – Insights into Mucin-Degrading Proteases in Oral Bacteria
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Breaking the Barrier – Insights into Mucin-Degrading Proteases in Oral Bacteria
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Mucins are large, glycosylated proteins that form the structural backbone of mucus and play a central role in shaping microbial communities at mucosal surfaces. In the oral cavity, the predominant salivary mucin MUC5B provides structural support for biofilm formation and mediates host-microbe interactions. Deciphering how MUC5B is modulated by microbial effector molecules is key to understand how biofilms are formed, developed and reorganized.

This thesis investigates three previously uncharacterized mucin-degrading proteases — MdpL from Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and MdpS and MdpS2 from Streptococcus oralis. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this work demonstrates that the enzymes extensively degrade MUC5B in a domain-specific and functionally significant manner. Each enzyme displayed distinct physicochemical traits and substrate preferences, reflecting their ecological adaptation to different biofilm niches and highlighting the evolutionary diversity of mucin-degrading strategies.

The findings contribute to oral microbiology by linking specific enzymatic activities to MUC5B network remodeling, and biofilm dispersal. In enzymology, they introduce a novel class of mucin-targeting proteases with non-canonical activation, regulation, and substrate recognition. From a mucin biology perspective, this work challenges the glycosidase-centric model of mucin degradation and demonstrates that domain-specific proteolysis can initiate structural remodeling and changes in the physical properties of mucins.

Together, these insights reveal mucin-degrading proteases as active agents of ecological change at the host-biofilm interface and open new avenues for targeted modulation of mucus environments. The work also lays a foundation for future studies in microbial ecology, the discovery of additional Mdp-like enzymes, and a broader exploration of enzyme-driven mechanisms in biofilm development.

Abstract [sv]

Munhälsa handlar inte bara om friska tänder. Den påverkar hela din kropp och ditt välbefinnande mer än vi tidigare anat. Men vad är det egentligen som påverkar munhälsan och hur? Föreställ dig munnen som en stad uppbyggd på vatten. Saliven är floden som rinner mellan husen, och tänderna är träpålarna som håller grunden på plats. I saliven finns muciner, stora och sockerrika proteiner, som bygger upp husgrunder och broar för att forma och binda samman staden. Den viktigaste av dessa är MUC5B, som fungerar som det perfekta byggmaterialet. På det kan stadens invånare, mikroberna, bygga sina hus och tillsammans bilda samhällen — så kallade biofilmer. Den exakta sammansättningen av mikrober, deras interaktioner och uppbyggnad är avgörande för att förstå och skapa ett hälsosamt och dynamiskt samhälle. Men vilka verktyg mikroberna använder för att omforma och anpassa sig till sin omgivning vet vi förvånansvärt lite om. 

Det är här denna avhandling kommer in i bilden. Vi har identifierat och studerat tre tidigare okända enzym: MdpL, MdpS och MdpS2. De fungerar som molekylära saxar. De kan klippa sönder MUC5B på ett sätt som aldrig tidigare observerats. Enzymerna kommer från munbakterierna Limosilactobacillus fermentum och Streptococcus oralis och har olika specialiteter anpassade till sin specifika biofilmsmiljö. Särskilt MdpS2, som i samspel med MdpS, visar störst kapacitet i att bryta ner MUC5B-nätverk och främja bakteriell spridning — en strategi som kan förbättra S. oralis överlevnadsmöjligheter. 

Upptäckterna förändrar vår syn på hur munbakterier formar sin miljö och ger oss nya möjligheter att förstå vad som skapar ett hälsosamt bakteriellt samhälle. Dessutom öppnar de dörren för nya spännande och oväntade tillämpningar som kan bidra till nya terapeutiska och bioteknologiska lösningar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö University Press, 2025. p. 109
Series
Malmö University Odontological Dissertations, ISSN 1650-6065, E-ISSN 2004-9307
National Category
Odontology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-80319 (URN)10.24834/isbn.9789178776429 (DOI)978-91-7877-641-2 (ISBN)978-91-7877-642-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-11-28, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-11-04 Created: 2025-11-04 Last updated: 2025-11-04Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(7810 kB)93 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 7810 kBChecksum SHA-512
ba5702117b7d57a330fb7a36a3728310ac82905c9b4d6209dc007ad369f050878b23b4ec5aa58431a0221b3b4717efbe1e5939545e146925dd2212386041dd6a
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMedScopus

Authority records

Leo, FredrikSvensäter, GunnelWickström, Claes

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Leo, FredrikSvensäter, GunnelWickström, Claes
By organisation
Faculty of Odontology (OD)
In the same journal
Frontiers in Microbiology
Dentistry

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 93 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 284 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf