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Limosilactobacillus reuteri inhibits the acid tolerance response in oral bacteria
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV).
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD).
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2023 (English)In: Biofilm, E-ISSN 2590-2075, Vol. 6, article id 100136Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Probiotic bacteria show promising results in prevention of the biofilm-mediated disease caries, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. The acid tolerance response (ATR) allows biofilm bacteria to survive and metabolize at low pH resulting from microbial carbohydrate fermentation. We have studied the effect of probiotic strains: Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus on ATR induction in common oral bacteria. Communities of L. reuteri ATCC PTA5289 and Streptoccus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans or Actinomyces naeslundii in the initial stages of biofilm formation were exposed to pH 5.5 to allow ATR induction, followed by a low pH challenge. Acid tolerance was evaluated as viable cells after staining with LIVE/ DEAD & REG;BacLightTM. The presence of L. reuteri ATCC PTA5289 caused a significant reduction in acid tolerance in all strains except S. oralis. When S. mutans was used as a model organism to study the effects of additional probiotic strains (L. reuteri SD2112, L. reuteri DSM17938 or L. rhamnosus GG) as well as L. reuteri ATCC PTA5289 supernatant on ATR development, neither the other probiotic strains nor supernatants showed any effect. The presence of L. reuteri ATCC PTA5289 during ATR induction led to down-regulation of three key genes involved in tolerance of acid stress (luxS, brpA and ldh) in Streptococci. These data suggest that live cells of probiotic L. reuteri ATCC PTA5289 can interfere with ATR development in common oral bacteria and specific strains of L. reuteri may thus have a role in caries prevention by inhibiting development of an acid-tolerant biofilm microbiota.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023. Vol. 6, article id 100136
Keywords [en]
Probiotics, Acid tolerance, Caries, Early oral biofilms, Pioneer species
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-61921DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100136ISI: 001038416000001PubMedID: 37408693Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85163191080OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-61921DiVA, id: diva2:1788587
Available from: 2023-08-16 Created: 2023-08-16 Last updated: 2024-10-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Environmental effects on the acid tolerance of oral biofilms
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Environmental effects on the acid tolerance of oral biofilms
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates the acid tolerance (AT) of oral biofilms and how this property is affected by changes in the local environment, to further understand the phenotypical modifications of the bacterial communities that occur during caries development.

Paper I explored the effect of biofilm growth and presence of salivary proteins on the AT of five oral species, as well as their ability to induce an acid tolerance response (ATR). The results show that surface contact, presence of salivary proteins and sensing of environmental pH can contribute to high levels of AT.

In paper II, the AT, metabolic profile and microbial composition of plaque samples from children with oral health and children with severe caries were compared. Differences between the two groups were observed in organic acid production and species composition of the plaque samples, and significantly higher levels of AT was observed in plaque collected from caries active children.

In paper III, the effect of probiotic strains on the ATR of four oral species when grown in dual-species biofilms was investigated. The results showed that the presence of the probiotic strain L. reuteri PTA5289 was able to inhibit the ATR of oral species and led to a down-regulation of three key genes involved in acid stress tolerance.

The results of this thesis suggest that many species of the oral biofilm can obtain high levels of acid tolerance and that signals in the extracellular environment contribute to an increase and decrease of this property. Biofilm AT might therefore be a future focus in the development of new predictive biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for dental caries.

Abstract [sv]

Avhandlingen undersöker orala biofilmers syratolerans (AT) och hur denna egenskap påverkas av ändringar i den omgivande miljön. Detta för att närmare första de fenotypiska förändringar som de orala bakterierna genomgår under kariesutveckling.

I delarbete I analyseras hur växt i biofilm och närvaro av salivproteiner påverkar 5 orala bakteriearters AT samt deras förmåga att utveckla en ATR. Resultaten av studien visar att adhesion till en yta, närvaro av salivprotein och pH-förändringar i den omgivande miljön kan bidra till höga nivåer av syratolerans hos orala bakterier.

I delarbete II undersöks kliniska plackprover från barn med hög kariesaktivitet med plackprover från barn utan tecken på kariesaktivitet, vad gäller bakteriernas AT, kolhydratmetabolism och inbördes komposition. Skillnader i produktionen av organiska syror och bakteriell komposition kunde ses mellan de två grupperna och signifikant högre nivåer av AT visades i plackprover från barnen med hög kariesaktivitet.

I delarbete III, undersöktes effekten av probiotiska bakterier på orala arters AT. Resultaten av studien visar att närvaro av den probiotiska arten L. reuteri PTA5289 inhiberade utvecklingen av en ATR hos de orala arterna och ledde till en nedreglering av tre gener involverade i ATR.

Resultaten i denna avhandling indikerar att många orala arter kan uppnå höga nivåer av syratolerans och att denna egenskap kan påverkas av signaler i den omgivande miljön. AT hos orala biofilmer kan därför vara ett framtida fokusområde vid utvecklingen av nya prediktiva biomarkörer och terapeutiska interventioner för karies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö University Press, 2024. p. 74
Series
Doctoral Dissertation in Odontology
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-71794 (URN)10.24834/isbn.9789178775514 (DOI)978-91-7877-550-7 (ISBN)978-91-7877-551-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-11-22, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 09:00 (English)
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Supervisors
Note

Paper II in dissertation as manuscript.

Available from: 2024-10-28 Created: 2024-10-28 Last updated: 2024-10-29Bibliographically approved

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Boisen, GabriellaPrgomet, ZdenkaEnggren, GabrielaDavies, Julia R

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