The importance of providing access to quality public transport has been discussed in numerous literature and reports. Despite growing recognition of the need for inclusive public transport, the specific mobility needs of children and their caregivers remain largely overlooked in transport planning and evaluation. Conventional assessments—which rely on structured, expert-driven criteria such as accessibility, punctuality, and safety— often fail to capture the nuanced capabilities and unequal access experienced by underrepresented groups, such as families with children. This study addresses this gap by adopting an inductive approach to analyze open-text responses from survey data collected between 2022 and 2023 by the Swedish Public Transport Association. Employing sentiment and content analysis, we investigated how the survey respondents address children-related accessibility challenges and concerns about traveling by public transport while accompanying children. Approximately 15 % of the survey respondents answered the open-text questions, with around 3 % (415 individuals in 2022 and 588 in 2023) specifically mentioning the words “child” or “children.” Reviewing the responses, we identified four key concerns that constrain the capabilities of children and their caregivers: (1) time-management pressures, (2) affordability and value concerns, (3) safety concerns, and (4) comfort and convenience limitations. Through the lenses of transport justice and capability theory, we argue that capability deprivation could reinforce car dependency or reduce mobility and social participation opportunities for families with children. The results underscore the need to integrate child- and caregiver-specific needs into public transport planning and design. Furthermore, this study highlights the value of unstructured public feedback in revealing unmet mobility demands and nuanced quality expectations, which are critical for ensuring equitable access to sustainable transport for all citizens.

Urban planning is intertwined with conflicts, and urban planning theories suggest various approaches toaddressing and managing them. This paper focuses on the misalignment of sustainability goals as conflicting and“wicked” issues in the planning process. Drawing on critical planning theory, it addresses a notable gap in un-derstanding how communication and conflict management strategies manifest in practice. The study aims toexplore the role of planners in identifying and managing sustainability conflicts, using Oceanhamnen—a recentbrownfield development in Helsingborg, Sweden—as a case study. Touted as a model for sustainable place-making, Oceanhamnen has nonetheless fallen short in addressing key sustainability demands. Through docu-ment reviews and semi-structured interviews with eleven planners and key actors, the research examines howsustainability conflicts and paradoxes were perceived and managed. The findings highlight the dynamic andcontext-dependent nature of sustainability, elucidating how influential stakeholders’ perceptions shaped thetrajectory of place-making. In Oceanhamnen, planners wielded significant authority in decision-making,including land allocation, land use, design criteria, identifying needs and priorities, and initiating conflictmanagement strategies. Primary strategies included dialogue, knowledge collection, agenda-setting, and feedbackcollection, while citizen involvement and mobilizing support were less emphasized. The paper discusses how plan-ners’ perceptions of “needs” and the importance of certain sustainability objectives influenced the strategiesemployed. Using critical planning theory, it discusses how identified needs are influenced from planners’ implicitand explicit knowledge, as well as the power dynamics framing this knowledge and their perceived and actualability to influence.

The increasing impact of social media on public transportation is transforming communication strategies and user engagement. These platforms offer real-time service updates while allowing users to voice their concerns and suggestions, fostering trust and enhancing customer satisfaction. This research investigates public perceptions of the communication methods used by public transportation services in Sweden, highlighting user preferences for different social media platforms and content types. The study employs a four-step methodology. First, a literature review examines the advantages and challenges of integrating social media into public transportation systems. Next, a survey assesses Swedish users' interactions with social media in this context. The third phase involves sentiment analysis and text mining of the survey responses to evaluate public opinion. Finally, the research proposes potential steps for collecting and analyzing social media data. The findings contribute to a better understanding of effective communication strategies, ultimately improving the responsiveness of public transportation systems.

Public spaces, parks, walking, cycling, and transit paths in Malmö are designed to create an accessible and integrated city. In this study, three groups of first-year students were asked to draw their mental maps of Malmö to investigate how they perceive Malmö as a legible, conceivable, and connected city. The results reveal that these young residents have a clear picture of most public places and the predominant landmarks’ positions. Still, the links between many public places were unclear, not legible enough, or even negligible according to their drawings.

Urban waterfront redevelopment has been a significant focus of city planning since the 1970s. Effectivewaterfront revitalization can catalyze broader urban development and reposition cities internationally.1There is an emphasis on prioritizing mixed-use development, public access, sustainable design, andclimate change adaptations in the so-called sustainable waterfront developments.2 However, theseprojects often fail to provide equal access to housing and services and lack integration into the rest ofthe city.Urban integration encompasses both physical and social dimensions. Physical integration entailsensuring spatial proximity among housing areas, services, and facilities, emphasizing the significanceof accessibility to various locations and activities. It focuses on creating a seamless network with well-connected urban components, promoting ease of movement and access. Research shows thatpermeability and connectivity play a crucial role in integrating urban areas, through promoting moreinclusive and active use of public spaces and encouraging interaction.3 Socio-spatial integration ismultidimensional and includes various aspects of social inclusion. Social integration aims to achievecohesive communities through addressing economic inequality and sustainable development.4 Creatinga well-connected and accessible city is essential for achieving sustainable integrated neighborhoods,although spatial integration does not always lead to social integration. The physical linkages betweenformal and informal areas can promote interaction and reduce spatial segregation.5 The physicalstructure of settlements reflects and reinforces social patterns and relationships.6 Structuralconnectedness, measured by residents' mobility patterns across neighborhoods at a city scale, revealsimportant insights about urban integration and segregation.7 Cities with higher population densities,cosmopolitanism, and less racial segregation tend to have greater structural connectedness. However,physical barriers, controlled areas, and limited access can create "hidden" or segregated spaces withincities, impacting social sustainability by reducing interaction and creating unfamiliar places.8This paper supposes that well-integrated waterfront areas can offer more opportunities and motivationfor a broader public to access housing and utilize public spaces and services within these areas.Although there are various methods used to examine accessibility, connectivity, and integration ofurban districts and neighborhoods, there are a few that address the use of space syntax to assess theLivable Cities - LondonAMPS | City, University of LondonPage 393spatial integration of newly developed areas for non-vehicle users. This paper aims to explore whetherspace syntax analysis is a suitable tool for evaluating the spatial integration of waterfront areas with thecore city and what other considerations should be included when analyzing this integration.

In the past twenty years, social media has completely transformed the way businesses interact with their customers. Social media's massive reach and resources have opened new and exciting possibilities for companies to connect with their audience and build strong relationships. This research paper explains how social media is used for public transportation in Sweden. As digital platforms become increasingly important in modern society, transportation systems have sought new ways to engage with passengers and improve their services. Drawing on communication studies and transportation management theories, this study examines how Facebook can be used as a communication channel for public transportation in Sweden. The paper evaluates the strategies employed by the Swedish transportation authority to leverage Facebook to disseminate real-time information, foster community engagement, and address passenger concerns. It reviews existing literature, surveys 106 people in Sweden, and analyzes the most commonly used social media pages. The findings of this study offer insights and highlight opportunities and challenges associated with using social media platforms within public transportation. This research paper provides valuable information for transportation policymakers, practitioners, and researchers who want to improve the efficiency and accessibility of urban mobility systems.

PANDEMIN, DOKTORSTUDENTERNAS MOTIVERING OCH HANDLEDNINGSROLL

PhD Forsknings- och handledningsprocessen går igenom olika steg av upp- och nedgångar, demotivation och stress. Oväntade situationer, såsom Covid-19-pandemin, och dess betydande inverkan på det dagliga livet och deras arbetssituation och forskningsprocess, sätter ny press på PhD-studenter. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka Covid-19-pandemin påverkade på doktorandmotivation, handledningarnas strategier och vikten av handledare för att stödja studenter att hantera demotivation och stresssituationer. I den här studien har vi genomfört en webbenkät, med öppna frågor och frågor i Likertskala bland doktorander. Dessutom intervjud vi handledare vid Malmö Universitet. Enligt undersökningsresultatet har pandemin påverkat doktorandernas forskningsmetoder, kommunikationsfrekvens och effektivitet med sina handledare, tillgång till kontoret och laboratorium samt motivation att skriva och avsluta sin doktorsavhandling. Stress, nya livs- och familjeprioriteringar, osäkerheten i fältarbete och forskningsmetoder, isolering, skepsis mot vikten av deras forskning och mindre kontakt med handledare och kamrater har nämnts som orsaker till demotivering. Dessutom visade undersökningsresultaten att de flesta respondenter betonade vikten av handledarnas roll i deras motivation. Budskapet från denna studie är att ge tillräckligt med feedback, att sätta realistiska mål, tidshantering, ömsesidig förståelse, omtanke och stöd, flexibilitet och tillgänglighet, regelbundna och informella möten samt positiva attityder är väsentliga faktorer i doktorandhandledning under stressade situationer. Resultaten pekar ut de mest effektiva handedningsstrategierna under tuffa situationer som pandemin, vilket kan vara lärdomar för framtida liknande händelser. Men resultaten tog också upp elevernas olika behov och vikten av medvetenhet och uppmärksamhet på elevernas olikheter under handledning och mentorskap.

The Ph.D. research and supervision process passes through different momentums of ups and downs, demotivation, and stress. Unexpected situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and its considerable influence on daily life and their working situation and research process, put new pressures on Ph.D. students. This study aims to investigate the COVID-19 pandemic on doctoral motivation, the supervisions' strategies, and the importance of supervisors in helping students tackle demotivation and stress situations. In this study, we conducted an online survey, including open-ended and Likert scale questions, distributed among the doctoral students and interviews with supervisors at Malmö University. According to the survey result, the pandemic has affected the doctoral students' research methodological process, communication frequency and efficiency with their supervisors, access to the office and laboratory, and motivation to write and finish their doctoral thesis. Stress, new life and family priorities, the uncertainty of fieldwork and research methods, isolation, skepticism about the importance of their research, and less connection with supervisors and peers have been mentioned as their reasons for demotivation. In addition, the survey results showed that most respondents emphasized the importance of the supervisors' role in their motivation. The message from this study is that the clarity of feedback, setting realistic goals, time management, mutual understanding, caring and support, flexibility and availability, regular and informal meetings, and positive attitudes are essential factors in doctoral supervision under stressful situations. The findings pinpoint the most efficient supervision strategies during challenging situations like the pandemic, which can be lessons for future similar events. However, the results also addressed the students' different needs and the importance of awareness and attention to the students' differences under supervision and mentoring.

The research addresses the crucial role of planners and planning education programs in addressing climate change. While many university programs have attempted to cover sustainable development and climate change issues, there remains a gap between what planners are expected to know about the concepts, potential strategies, and analytical methods and what they learn in their planning programs. As planning students will become critical actors and mediators in future planning projects, they must understand and develop the necessary skills to tackle climate change effectively.The research examines selected urban planning programs at the bachelor's and master's levels in the countries: Japan, Sweden, Iran, and the United States. Preliminary research findings from comparing various programs worldwide indicate the significance of local climate issues and the politics behind the contribution of urban planning schools to prepare planners as agents of change toward more environmentally-friendly developments. The results also emphasize a lack of literature, research, experts, and lecturers specialized in the interdisciplinary fields of climate change and urban planning. Moreover, it highlights critical thinking as a vital skill for planners and the practicality of the knowledge about climate change taught in urban planning. 

Since the 1980s, a wide range of physical and non-physical interventions, including megaprojects and flagships to small-scale projects and temporary usage, are prescribed as catalysts for urban regeneration. The strategy of utilizing urban catalysts as a tool for urban renewal has been encouraging by many city authorities through specific subsidization and privileges. However, there is no correct and precise definition of the tools and the qualities they should provide as their impacts. Besides, some criticize the catalytic projects due to their unsustainable, unjust, and destructive consequences.  This paper intends to provide a more comprehensive definition of urban catalysts by reviewing the existing literature. The research has been done through a deductive and inductive approach to reach the principal dimensions and criteria for catalytic projects. It uses a series of potential projects and interventions in the City of Tehran (16 projects and practices) as case studies to check the dimensions and criteria and the quality of each project as catalysts. The quality of the selected case studies was ranked through expert judgment and checklist method. The findings show the cases' rank on how their catalytic impacts comply with sustainable development goals. According to the results, seven criteria (environmental sustainability, context-based development, pattern making, branding, social quality of life, economic prosperity, and market adaptability) are essential to ensure the sustainability of catalytic impacts of catalyst projects.

Smart cities providing a large amount of data and information in different dimensions make the complicated process of impact assessment and management of megaprojects feasible. The management and control of megaprojects as costly, long-term, and large-scale developments are critical to their success. In addition, they can facilitate data management in smart cities as they usually use new and innovative technologies, and can provide the integrable data. This chapter tries to propose a framework for megaprojects’ management in smart cities via reviewing the dimensions and the existing data categories and domains in smart cities to enable the megaprojects to smartly react to the risks; smartly manage the energy, service and space usage; and smartly control their footprint. Thus, the concept of smart megaprojects is introduced, and the related challenges in safety and security are discussed.