How should students best learn media and communication? Some seem to believe that sitting in a lecture hall, listening to a lecture, watching a power-point, and taking notes, has been, and will continue to be, the best way. We argue differently. The media landscape seems to be in constant change, and we, that navigate within, face new challenges and possibilities, e.g., technological, cultural, economic and political. This leads to changing terms of production as well as changing media use. Therefore, we argue, Media and Communication Education (MEC) needs to be rethought, redeveloped and redesigned with a base in the new, the changing, and the unforeseen. We have worked together as university lecturers for two decades and during these developed courses to meet these challenges. During this time, we have questioned the best way of learning difficult concepts, of how best to learn heavy theories. And we have questioned the best way of learning what is perceived as “boring subjects” by students. Over the years we have tested different didactic and pedagogic models as answers to these questions. In this paper we will describe and critically discuss one of those.
The aim of the paper is to show that arts-based methods can be used in theoretical learning in order to deepen and broaden learning. Our foremost aim, however, is to critically discuss and problematize the didactic and pedagogic model we present.
The case we will take as our standpoint is the course Media History, on the 4th semester of the BA-program Media and Communication Studies (MCS) at Malmö University. In the course, media’s historical development (in the Western world) is introduced and highlights social, technological, cultural and political aspects of older media-forms, traditional mass-media as well as newer forms of digital media. It is a large area that students should study somewhat in-depth. To solve this conundrum, we turned to theories of teaching and learning to develop a didactic design, which was mainly based on Dewey’s (1916) thoughts of learning by doing and Schön’s (1987). To critically analyse our pedagogic and didactic model, we have furthermore turned to Biesta’s (2013) idea of risky education, bell hooks’ (2000; 2010) critical and democratic feminist learning, and Bornemark’s (2018) discussions of artistic learning.
The empirical materials we use are our own autoethnographic experiences, course-documentation and students’ voices through 15 years of course evaluations, of which we have done textual analysis.
Our conclusion is that arts-based methods strengthen students’ learning and give them broader forms of both ratio- and intellectus-knowledge: students learn by working through arts-based work with media-historic persons and their contexts. We see the importance of learning with the entire body, including the heart, and argue with Bornemark and Aristotle that affectional learning is important. Because of the framework for learning-outcomes created by financial structures of MCS-courses, our own pedagogic aims – with more art-based work – cannot be met. We finally note that students are overall very positive towards arts-based learning but need pedagogic help to understand its critical potential.