Sexual violence within academia is a major concern, and increased attention is being given to bystander interventions to combat these behaviors. This scoping review aimed to investigate bystander intervention programs focused on the prevention of sexual violence in universities worldwide. Literature searches were conducted using ERC, ERIC, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria were: university-based assessments of a bystander intervention program, and pretest–posttest designs. In total, 1,644 articles were identified, of which 68 were included in the final analysis. Most of the programs focused on students as the target population, and the bystander interventions covered different aspects such as creating new community norms for intervening, increasing a sense of responsibility for intervening, increasing the participants’ feelings of competence, and providing role models for positive bystander behavior. There was a clear trend to use a combination of interactive and educational didactic methods. The programs were mostly delivered in person on campuses. Their outcomes included changes in norms, knowledge, and behaviors. In more one-third of the selected articles, the programs and initiatives were assessed using a pretest–posttest design only, almost just as many had additional follow-up conducted within 3 months. Most intervention programs achieved their intended impacts relating to bystanders and sexual violence, at least in the short term. Thus, investments in these types of preventative initiatives by organizations other than academic institutions could be beneficial.

People with disabilities are more often excluded from working life than others; one way of promoting inclusion in the labor market is self-employment. The aim of this article is to add to the knowledge about the establishment motives for starting one’s own business among people with disabilities and reduced working capacity in Sweden. Data were collected from 16 people with disabilities across Sweden. Ten semi-structured interviews with self-employed people with disabilities and one group interview with six blind and visually impaired people were conducted. Themes of establishment motives were identified through thematic analysis. Five themes were identified: flexibility and self-determination; economic motives; negative work experience; contributing something; and being an entrepreneur. Results are related to the concepts of entrepreneurial ecosystem, necessity and opportunity, and identity positions as an entrepreneur. The motives for self-employment have not previously been studied to any great extent in the Swedish context. This article is a contribution to this internationally emerging field of research. For professionals and policymakers, the study highlights the need not only to focus on the individual perspective but also to support and to develop the entrepreneurial ecosystem simultaneously.

Workplace incivility is a pervasive issue with implications for employee well-being. Drawing upon Self-Determination Theory, this study explores the association between experienced workplace incivility, need satisfaction, and work motivation and investigates whether workplace incivility is negatively associated with autonomous work motivation. We hypothesize that experiencing workplace incivility will diminish autonomous work motivation. A sample of 481 employees in the healthcare sector participated. Data were collected through strategic sampling. The results indicate that experienced incivility negatively impacting need satisfaction. Extrinsic motivation was associated positively with experienced incivility and negatively with competence need satisfaction. The relations between workplace incivility and extrinsic, introjected, and intrinsic motivation were statistically mediated by competence need satisfaction. These findings shed light on the complex interplay between workplace incivility, need satisfaction, and work motivation within caregiving professions, offering valuable insights into organizational practices and future research.

Föreliggande rapport har sin grund i projektet ”Att organisera utmattningssyndrom” vid Centrum för tillämpad arbetslivsforskning och utvärdering (CTA), Malmö Universitet. Projektet finansierades av Institutionen för Urbana studier och genomfördes mellan åren 2018 och 2022. Utgångspunkten var att sjukdomen som benämns utmattningssyndrom antar olika namn, tilldelas olika medicinska diagnoser och utgör en betydande samhällelig utmaning. Utmattningssyndromet har i Sverige tilldelats en specifik diagnos och kan därmed ge tillgång till sjukpenning och annan välfärd. Projektet har inte arbetat med medicinska eller terapeutiska antaganden ochkunskapsanspråk, utan sjukdomen betraktas utifrån olika organisatoriska perspektiv. Vi har därför varit intresserade av de processer på vårdcentraler och i andra sammanhang där en diagnos formas och som i sin tur bildar grund för såväl rehabilitering som återgång till arbete. Viktigt i sammanhanget är hur sjukdomen skiljer sig från etablerade somatiska sjukdomar, som exempelvis benbrott eller diabetes, genom att den är svår att diagnosticera, och dessutom är samhälleligt stigmatiserad. Rapporten fokuserar hur utmattningsdiagnosen aktualiserar osäkerhet och motsättningar i hälso- och sjukvården vilka i sin tur påverkar patienterna och som i slutändan blir politiska. Diagnosens kontroversiella roll i Sverige visas i kapitel två genom att företrädare för olika kunskapssyn på diagnosen kommer till tals. I kapitel tre redogörs för en annat perspektiv på utmattningsdiagnosen, där den i samhället för-givet-tagna arbetslinjen tas som avstamp för den praktiska organiseringen på arbetsplatser därden utmattningsdiagnosticerade arbetar. Inom projektets ram genomfördes en fältstudie med syfte att studera organiseringen kring utmattningssyndrom och denna ligger till grund för två delar av rapporten; kapitel två och tre. I projektet, dock utan specifikt fokus på diagnosen, har även en avhandling skrivits som har fokuserat organiseringen av funktionen rehabkoordinator inom hälso- och sjukvården. I kapitel fyra återfinns en fördjupning av denna funktion hur den vuxit fram och dess implementering genom dem som agerar i rollen. Rapporten inleds med en introduktion av övergripande syfte samt en beskrivning av sjukskrivningsprocessen inom det svenska trygghetssystemets ramar. Inledningskapitlet avslutas med att ge röst åt den som ofta hörs minst – patienten – i debatten om hur sjukförsäkringens regelverk kan beröra den som sjukskrivits. Vi introducerar därför vår rapport genom en autoetnografi om hur sjukskrivningsprocessen kan upplevas för densom drabbats.

Workplace civility training has been highlighted as one important measure to prevent theoccurrence of workplace bullying and harassment (Walsh & Magley, 2018). Indeed,intervention studies with the aim to increase civility have shown beneficial effects in the formof increased civility, reduced incivility from supervisors, as well as enhanced work-relatedattitudes over time (Leiter et al., 2011; 2012). Given that low intensity mistreatment mayescalate into workplace bullying (Holm et al., 2022; Zapf & Gross, 2001), civility interventionscould play an important role in reducing the risk of workplace bullying. However, as Walshand Magley (2018) point out, little is known about which factors that influence theeffectiveness of civility training. Thus, more knowledge is needed about both attitudinal andcontextual factors that may influence the effectiveness of workplace civility interventions.Consequently, the present study aims to explore both individual and contextual factors thatmay influence the outcome of a civility intervention