Denna kunskapsöversikt inriktar sig på utomhuspedagogik och syftar till att reda ut vilken inverkan utomhuspedagogik har på elevers lärande och inställning till naturorienterande ämnen. Den undersöker även om utomhuspedagogik bidrar till ökad förståelse för hållbar utveckling. Kunskapsöversikten undersöker både elevers och lärares attityd samt kunskapsinhämtningen med utomhusundervisningen. 12 vetenskapliga artiklar ligger till grund för arbetet. Artiklarna har tagits fram genom en noggrann urvalsprocess och granskats utförligt. Resultatet visar på att utomhuspedagogik har en positiv inverkan på elevers inlärning och inställning till naturorienterade ämnen. Däremot finns varierande resultat när det kommer till ökad förståelse för hållbar utveckling. Utomhusundervisning kan bidra till en känsla av samhörighet till naturen men behöver inte nödvändigtvis innebära en ökad förståelse för begreppet hållbar utveckling.

Within nature conservation work, many different concepts are used to make it easier to group and work with different species, one such concept is responsible species. Responsibility species is a term used within nature conservation. It means that a region or country have a higher responsibility for certain species, since the species has a large proportion of its population in this area. In 2017, the County Administrative Board of Skåne developed responsibilities species for all of the county's 33 municipalities, each municipality was given species for which it could be responsible for. In 2022, the County Administrative Board of Skåne sent out a questionnaire to all municipalities in which they asked how the work with the responsibilities species has progressed and none of the 16 respondents answered that they were done working with them or worked continuously with them. This study has examined why municipalities do not continuously work with their assigned responsibilities. By interviewing employees of the municipality that work with nature conservation, it was investigated whether responsibility species have contributed to an improvement of nature conservation work. The results have then been analyzed with different governance structures and the familiarity principle.Skåne County Administrative Board's strategy for introduction of municipal responsibility has been somewhat flawed. This study illustrates shortcomings that exist from state to municipal governance within nature conservation protection in Skåne. The study shows that the informants like the idea of responsibility species. However, Skåne's municipal responsibility species have not made much of a difference to improve biodiversity conservation work. The types of responsibility species in Skåne are very unusual and have low recognition, which makes it difficult for the municipalities to relate to them. The low recognition has thus been a strong contributing factor to the result.

För närvarande lever vi i en tid med stora samhällsutmaningar och som ytterligare aktualiserades hösten 2018 när International Plant Protection Convention, IPPC publicerade en rapport gällande de klimatförändringar som pågår (IPCC, 2018).

Data from the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, in combination with new mapping techniques, has the potential to improve regional research on tropical forest resources and land use dynamics. In this study, a supervised regression tree model was used to map fractions of (1) mature forest, (2) secondary forest, and (3) non-forest, using multi-temporal MODIS 250-m data as explanatory variables, and land cover information derived from high-spatial resolution image data as the response variables. From independent validation data, the overall mean absolute deviation of the resulting maps are estimated at 14.6% for mature forest, 21.6% for secondary forest, and 17.1% for non-forest cover. This study shows the increased potential of this new mapping technique to infer human imprints on forest cover across the highlands of mainland Southeast Asia, compared to other existing map sources.

As warm-adapted insects of tropical origin, Odonata cope with cold periods by seasonal regulation and diapause. A model for larval-overwintering species is proposed with three response patterns related to the timing of emergence, which can be predicted from seasonal cues during the last few stadia. For emergence during the present season, there is an often time constrained pre-emergence development, accelerated by long days and higher temperatures. In regulatory develop-ment, emergence is postponed to the next season, and a complex of diapause-like delays controlled by photoperiod and temperature prevents premature emergence. Instead, development converges on a winter diapause in sizes suitable for emergence during the following year. Long days are particularly delaying, and thermal responses are variable, sometimes inverted. In early development, with rapid growth, emergence is usually not predicted to season, but short-day winter diapauses may occur, and precocious preparations for a penultimate winter may be predictive. Thermal responses are steep, extremely so if a short-day diapause is suppressed by higher temperatures. Other physiological and also behavioural properties may differ between response patterns. Changes in photoperiod and temperature control the timing of seasonal events, and the transition from regulatory to pre-emergence development follows the increase in temperature and photoperiod after winter, which is an important time-setter. Interactions of larval size, photoperiod, temperature and previous changes affect development rate, and long-term constant conditions often end in regulatory diapauses. Proximate mechanisms of cohort splitting and the implications of the model for design and interpretation of experi-ments are discussed. 

Current occurrence patterns of species associated with ancient trees may reflect higher historical habitat densities, because the dynamics of the habitat and the colonisation-extinction processes for many inhabiting species are expected to be slow. We tested this hypothesis in southeast Sweden by analysing species occurrence per parish for twelve redlisted lichen species and nine redlisted fungus species in relation with current density of big oaks, the density of oaks in the 1830s and connectivity with parishes with the species present. For most species, the occurrence was positively related with current density of habitat (for 18 species out of 21) and parish area (for 16 species). Historical habitat density was positively related with occurrence for 11 species, while connectivity with current occurrences in the surroundings was positive for the occurrence of 12 species and negative for the occurrence of two. For lichen species the connectivity measure that best explained the variation was at a larger spatial scale as compared to fungus species. Even if the density of old oaks remains in the future, inhabiting species will most likely decline because their distribution patterns are not in equilibrium with the current habitat density. Therefore, to allow long-term persistence of inhabiting species the number of old oaks should be increased. Areas where such an increase is most urgent could be identified based on species occurrence data and current habitat density, but because species data will always be incomplete data on the historical habitat distribution is valuable.

Research to date on urban ecosystem services has mainly been conducted in large cities, particularly in China, the USA and someEuropean countries. This study examined the provision of urban ecosystem services in a Swedish municipality context, based oninterviews with municipal stakeholders in strategic management and planning from six municipalities and a review of existingpublications readily available to practitioners. The analysis focused on (1) the ecosystem services explicitly covered, (2) whethermultifunctionality was covered and specific synergies and trade-offs identified and, (3) the spatial scale and context used forecosystem services (valuation/mapping, planning, design or maintenance) in practical application. The results showed thatregulatory services are very much the focus in municipal operations as well as in publications available to practitioners. Thisis reflected in the implementation of the concept through problem solving often related to regulatory services, usingmultifunctionality and win-win situations in ecosystem service supply. These findings contribute to the growing body of workexploring how the concept of ecosystem services is adapted and utilised in practice.

Loss of biodiversity is a global problem resulting from human activities such as habitat destruction and climate change. When natural habitats are destroyed or fragmented, the space for animals and plants to survive and reproduce decreases, affecting ecosystem functions and the benefits derived by humans from nature. Despite contributing to the loss of natural environments, urbanization also presents opportunities to preserve and promote urban biodiversity. Green corridors, such as Ekostråket in Malmö, are nature-based solutions that have the potential to address climate-related challenges and enhance biodiversity in the urban environment. However, the implementation of green infrastructure in the Swedish context faces several obstacles, including limited resources, planning constraints and legal challenges. Understanding and managing green values are important to create more sustainable cities and preserve urban biodiversity. By working with nature and applying nature-based solutions multiple societal challenges can be addressed simultaneously. This thesis examines the barriers affecting the implementation of green corridors, using Ekostråket in Malmö as a case study.

The study identifies eight measures to facilitate the implementation of green corridors in a Swedish context. The need for updated knowledge, effective management and potential changes in the planning system to overcome the challenges of green corridor implementation is emphasized. Green corridors offer multifunctional benefits, including recreation, improved health, climate adaptation, and support for local flora and fauna. Increasing public awareness and appreciation of biodiversity is crucial for protecting natural values. This thesis provides insights into the planning and implementation of green infrastructure, highlighting the potential of green corridors for sustainable urban development and their contribution to biodiversity.

Co-occurrence of species with similar trophic requirements, such as odonates, seems to depend both on them occupying different microhabitats and differing in their life-cycles. The life cycles of the dragonflies Boyeria irene and Onychogomphus uncatus were studied in two consecutive years, mainly by systematic sampling of larvae in seven permanent head courses that constitute the upper basin of the River Agueda, western Spain, in the central part of the ranges of these two species. The size ranges of the last five larval stadia of both species were established based on biometric data. The eggs of the egg-overwintering aeshnid hatched in late spring and early summer and for the gomphid hatching peaked in middle-late summer. Both species showed mixed voltinism with "cohort splitting". B. irene had a dominant three-year development (partivoltinism), with some developing in two years (semivoltinism). O. uncatus requires four, sometimes three years to complete development (all partivoltine). B. irene larvae spent the winter before emergence in the last three, maybe four stadia, as a "summer species". O. uncatus mainly behaved as a "spring species", most larvae spending the last winter in the final larval stadium.

Purpose This paper articulates a counter-concept to the notion of speciesism with the aim to encourage thinking beyond critique, towards imagining what non-speciesist worlds can actually look like. Design/methodology/approach By using the concept of "multi-species-isms" (or "multispecies", as a simpler adjective), and linking it to feminist and relational ethics of "care", the paper seeks to unite perspectives from both Critical Animal Studies as well as feminist, posthumanist theories. Already existing traces of multi-species-isms that exemplify different forms of multispecies care are visualised through annotated illustrations that accompany the text. These traces offer a cue for negotiating multispecies worlds without attempting to define their content in all too definite forms. Findings Rather than focusing on critiquing oppressive structures, the paper contributes narratives of multispecies worlds that inspire further imagination towards the positive ingredients of such worlds and show more concretely how multispecies care is practised in everyday life. Social implications These insights frame a starting point for a repertoire that shows the numerous ways in which multispecies relationships between humans and other animals are already given form. Originality/value By articulating the actual ingredients of multi-species-isms, rather than focusing on what they are not, the paper seeks to advance a move towards adding multispecies possibilities that can be especially helpful for those researchers, designers and activists concerned with imagining alternative futures.