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Electrogenicity of microbial biofilms of medically relevant microorganisms: potentiometric, amperometric and wireless detection.
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces. Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Department of Electrochemical Material Science, Sauletekio av. 3, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces. Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV).
Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces. Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV).
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2024 (English)In: Biosensors & bioelectronics, ISSN 0956-5663, E-ISSN 1873-4235, Vol. 246, article id 115892Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Since the progression of biofilm formation is related to the success of infection treatment, detecting microbial biofilms is of great interest. Biofilms of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus gordonii bacteria, Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli bacteria, and Candida albicans yeast were examined using potentiometric, amperometric, and wireless readout modes in this study. As a biofilm formed, the open circuit potential (OCP) of biofilm hosting electrode (bioanode) became increasingly negative. Depending on the microorganism, the OCP ranged from −70 to −250 mV. The co-culture generated the most negative OCP (−300 mV vs Ag/AgCl), while the single-species biofilm formed by E. coli developed the least negative (−70 mV). The OCP of a fungal biofilm formed by C. albicans was −100 mV. The difference in electrode currents generated by biofilms was more pronounced. The current density of the S. aureus biofilm was 0.9‧10−7 A cm−2, while the value of the P. aeruginosa biofilm was 1.3‧10−6 A cm−2. Importantly, a biofilm formed by a co-culture of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa had a slightly higher negative OCP value and current density than the most electrogenic P. aeruginosa single-species biofilm. We present evidence that bacteria can share redox mediators found in multi-species biofilms. This synergy, enabling higher current and OCP values of multi-species biofilm hosting electrodes, could be beneficial for electrochemical detection of infectious biofilms in clinics. We demonstrate that the electrogenic biofilm can provide basis to construct novel wireless, chip-free, and battery-free biofilm detection method.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024. Vol. 246, article id 115892
Keywords [en]
Biofilm detection, Microbial biosensor, Open circuit potential, Wireless biosensor
National Category
Microbiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-64686DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115892ISI: 001135565500001PubMedID: 38056343Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85178667875OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-64686DiVA, id: diva2:1821968
Available from: 2023-12-21 Created: 2023-12-21 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Development of Wireless Biosensors Integrated into the Radio Frequency Antenna for Chipless and Battery-less Monitoring of Biological Reactions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Development of Wireless Biosensors Integrated into the Radio Frequency Antenna for Chipless and Battery-less Monitoring of Biological Reactions
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Development of wireless sensors and biosensors is currently experiencing a rapid progress with a substantial focus directed toward highlighting their potential applications as non-invasive wearables, implants, and highly mobile point-of-care devices. Integration of wireless biosensors into the Internet of Things (IoT) is widely acknowledged as a technological advancement with the potential to significantly change daily life. To maximize this potential, simple integration of biosensors with wireless communication elements would be advantageous. In this regard, systems functioning in chipless, and battery-less modes outperform integrated circuit (IC) based and battery-powered wireless biosensors. Nevertheless, the accessibility of these wireless designs is still limited. In this study, we present a novel approach where incorporating silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) as a part of the radio frequency (RF) tag antenna enables the realization of simple, chipless, and battery-less wireless sensing of biological oxidation and reduction reactions. We exemplified the mechanism of operation in such systems by electronic wiring of enzymes through direct electron transfer (DET) and microorganisms through mediated electron transfer (MET) to the redox conversion of Ag/AgCl. The wiring was designed to facilitate the transformation of metallic AgNPs into AgCl (Ag → AgCl) or the conversion of AgCl particles back into metallic AgNPs (AgCl → Ag) when the enzymatic/microorganism based electron transfer reactions were present. These reactions occurring on the biosensor RF tag antenna strongly changed the impedance of the tag, which was wirelessly monitored by a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader. The functionality of the proposed setup in direct electron transfer coupling of the enzymatic reactions to the redox conversion of the Ag/AgCl was demonstrated by wireless detection of glucose in whole blood samples and hydrogen peroxide penetrated through the skin membrane using the enzymes glucose dehydrogenase(GDH) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Additionally, the capability of the proposed configuration in mediated electron transfer wiring of microorganisms to the Ag/AgCl electrochemistry was shown by wireless monitoring of medically relevant microbial biofilms in simulated wound fluid. Generalizing, the results of this work, for the first time, demonstrated that exploiting Ag/AgCl as a part of the tag antenna allows simple, chipless, and battery-less wireless sensing of biological oxidation and reduction reactions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö: Malmö University Press, 2023. p. 108
Series
Malmö University Health and Society Dissertations, ISSN 1653-5383 ; 99
National Category
Chemical Sciences Engineering and Technology Medical Biotechnology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-63289 (URN)10.24834/isbn.9789178774128 (DOI)9789178774111 (ISBN)9789178774128 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-10-27, AS: E002, Faculty of Health and Society, 09:15
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Supervisors
Note

Paper IV in dissertation as manuscript.

Available from: 2023-10-31 Created: 2023-10-30 Last updated: 2024-02-27Bibliographically approved

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Shafaat, AtefehJakubauskas, DainiusNeilands, JessicaRuzgas, Tautgirdas

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Shafaat, AtefehJakubauskas, DainiusNeilands, JessicaRuzgas, Tautgirdas
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