Aim: To investigate the frequency of further interventions after root filling during a follow-up of 10 to 11 years, and to compare the outcomes with respect to type of coronal restoration and tooth group.Methods: Data from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency´s register of dental treatments were obtained to identify the teeth registered as root filled in Sweden 2009. Type of coronal restoration within 6 months after root filling, as well as the frequency of further interventions (nonsurgical retreatment, periradicular surgery, extraction, further direct and indirect restoration) were tracked in the data register until December 31, 2019. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: Of the 215 611 teeth root filled in 2009, nonsurgical retreatment, periradicular surgery, and extraction were registered for 3.5%, 1.4% and 20%, respectively. The highest frequency of nonsurgical retreatment was registered for molars (4.2%), and periradicular surgery was most frequent in maxillary canines and incisors (2.3%). The highest frequency of extractions was registered for mandibular molars (25.1%). Directly restored teeth had higher frequency of nonsurgical retreatment (3.9%) and extraction (20.8%), compared to indirectly restored teeth (1.7% and 13.6%, respectively; P < 0.001). Of teeth restored with direct restoration within 6 months after root filling, 41.5% were registered with at least one further direct restoration and 14.7% with an indirect restoration. In the group of indirectly restored teeth, 9.3% and 7.1% underwent further restorative treatment with direct and indirect restoration, respectively. The differences registered between directly and indirectly restored root filled teeth were statistically significant (P < 0.001).Conclusions: The frequencies of nonsurgical retreatment and periradicular surgery were low 10 to 11 years after root filling, despite one in five root filled teeth being registered as extracted. Further interventions were significantly more common for directly restored teeth than for those indirectly restored.