Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders - INfORM recommendations: Comprehensive and short-form adaptations for childrenDepartment of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil; Bauru Orofacial Pain Group, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
Newcastle School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dental Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle, Washington, USA.
Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Center for Understanding Pediatric Pain (CUPP), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Japan.
Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of MedicineSeattle, Washington, USA .
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Newcastle School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
CES-LPH Research Group, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia.
Institute for Occlusion and Orofacial Pain, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden.
School of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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2023 (English)In: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, E-ISSN 1365-2842, Vol. 50, no 2, p. 99-112Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
BACKGROUND: The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) are used worldwide in adults. Until now, no adaptation for use in children has been proposed.
OBJECTIVE: To present comprehensive and short-form adaptations of Axis I and II of the DC/TMD for adults that are appropriate for use with children in clinical and research settings.
METHODS: Global Delphi studies with experts in TMDs and in pain psychology identified ways of adapting the DC/TMD for children.
RESULTS: The proposed adaptation is suitable for children aged 6-9 years. Proposed changes in Axis I include (i) adapting the language of the Demographics and the Symptom Questionnaires to be developmentally appropriate for children, (ii) adding a general health questionnaire for children and one for their parents, (iii) replacing the TMD Pain Screener with the 3Q/TMD questionnaire, and (iv) modifying the clinical examination protocol. Proposed changes in Axis II include (i) for the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, to be developmentally appropriate for children, and (ii) adding anxiety and depression assessments that have been validated in children, and (iii) adding three constructs (stress, catastrophizing, and sleep disorders) to assess psychosocial functioning in children.
CONCLUSION: The recommended DC/TMD, including Axis I and Axis II, for children aged 6-9 years, is appropriate for use in clinical and research settings. This adapted first version for children includes changes in Axis I and Axis II changes requiring reliability and validity testing in international settings. Official translations to different languages according to INfORM requirements will enable a worldwide dissemination and implementation.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2023. Vol. 50, no 2, p. 99-112
Keywords [en]
children, diagnostic criteria, dysfunction, pain, temporomandibular disorders
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-56161DOI: 10.1111/joor.13390ISI: 000920751500001PubMedID: 36373958Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85144152911OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-56161DiVA, id: diva2:1712680
2022-11-222022-11-222024-06-17Bibliographically approved