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Effects of stabilized hypochlorous acid on oral biofilm bacteria
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces. CR Competence, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.
CR Competence, Naturvetarvägen 14, 223 62, Lund, Sweden.
Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; SoftOx Solutions AS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5888-664X
2022 (English)In: BMC Oral Health, E-ISSN 1472-6831, Vol. 22, no 1, article id 415Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Caries and periodontitis are amongst the most prevalent diseases worldwide, leading to pain and loss of oral function for those affected. Prevention relies heavily on mechanical removal of dental plaque biofilms but for populations where this is not achievable, alternative plaque control methods are required. With concerns over undesirable side-effects and potential bacterial resistance due to the use of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), new antimicrobial substances for oral use are greatly needed. Here we have investigated the antimicrobial effect of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), stabilized with acetic acid (HAc), on oral biofilms and compared it to that of CHX. Possible adverse effects of stabilized HOCl on hydroxyapatite surfaces were also examined.

METHODS: Single- and mixed-species biofilms of six common oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Veillonella parvula, Parvimonas micra and Porphyromonas gingivalis) within a flow-cell model were exposed to HOCl stabilized with 0.14% or 2% HAc, pH 4.6, as well as HOCl or HAc alone. Biofilm viability was assessed in situ using confocal laser scanning microscopy following LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ staining. In-situ quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) was used to study erosion of hydroxyapatite (HA) surfaces by stabilized HOCl.

RESULTS: Low concentrations of HOCl (5 ppm), stabilized with 0.14% or 2% HAc, significantly reduced viability in multi-species biofilms representing supra- and sub-gingival oral communities, after 5 min, without causing erosion of HA surfaces. No equivalent antimicrobial effect was seen for CHX. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria showed no significant differential suceptibility to stabilized HOCl.

CONCLUSIONS: At low concentrations and with exposure times which could be achieved through oral rinsing, HOCl stabilized with HAc had a robust antimicrobial activity on oral biofilms, without causing erosion of HA surfaces or affecting viability of oral keratinocytes. This substance thus appears to offer potential for prevention and/or treatment of oral biofilm-mediated diseases.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central (BMC), 2022. Vol. 22, no 1, article id 415
Keywords [en]
Biofilm control, Caries, Oral disease, Oral infection, Periodontitis
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-55178DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02453-2ISI: 000855772700004PubMedID: 36127658Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85138179900OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-55178DiVA, id: diva2:1704065
Available from: 2022-10-17 Created: 2022-10-17 Last updated: 2024-08-01Bibliographically approved

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Aherne, OliviaDavies, Julia R

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