Mathematics anxiety is a well-known and well-researched area within mathematical didactics. Similarly, cooperative learning is a widely discussed and researched area. This study aims to bring to light the effects that cooperative learning can have on mathematics anxiety by answering the following two questions. What is mathematics anxiety? What effects can cooperative learning have on mathematics anxiety? Research articles on mathematics anxiety and cooperative learning have been selected and processed to formulate a result. Research that has been done on mathematics anxiety shows that it is a state of negative feelings towards the subject that affects both working memory and the processing of numerical skills. Research also shows that cooperative learning can have a positive effect on mental health and self-esteem through positive social interdependence in cooperative groups. In conclusion, cooperative learning is a teaching method that could have a positive effect mathematics on anxiety.