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Direct reprogramming of pancreatic cancer cells into antigen presenting cells
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
2020 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Pankreascancer utgör den tredje vanligaste cancerrelaterade dödligheten på grund av att diagnos ofta ställs sent vid avancerat tillstånd, kombinerat med brist på effektiv behandling. De senaste åren har utvecklingen av immunterapimetoder visat lovande resultat för flertal cancersjukdomar. Tyvärr har immunterapi begränsad effekt för pankreascancer på grund av dess karakteristiska immunsuppressiva tumormikro-miljö (TME). Strategier för att rubba TME-barriären och öka immunogeniciteten för pankreascancer behöver utvecklas för att möjliggöra immunterapi-behandlingar. De konventionella dendritiska cellerna (cDC1) har viktiga funktioner för att avvärja cancer på grund av deras förmåga att korspresentera antigener till cytotoxiska T-celler (CD8 +) och initiera cellulär förstörelse. Direkt omprogrammering avser när en somatisk cells identitet ändras utan övergång till pluripotent tillstånd. Tidigare studie har visat att de tre transkriptionsfaktorerna PU.1, IRF8 och BATF3 (PIB) kunde omprogrammera fibroblaster till funktionella DC. Syftet med detta projekt var att utvärdera genomförbarhet och effektivitet för omprogrammering av pankreatiska cancerceller till antigenpresenterande celler (APC) genom påtvingat uttryck av PIB. Projektet inkluderade flertal olika pankreatiska cancer cellinjer och primära cancerceller för att ordentligt testa förmågan av omprogrammeringen. Nio dagar efter transduktion med lentivirala partiklar med transgener av PIB utfördes flödescytometri. Resultatet visade att pankreas cancerceller kunde omprogrammeras till tumör-APC med varierad effektivitet. Vidare arbete innebär att utvärdera funktionella egenskaper hos den genererade tumör-APC och att identifiera underliggande egenskaper hos pankreatiska cancerceller som hämmar omprogrammeringseffektiviteten.

Abstract [en]

Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, due to frequent late diagnosis at an advanced stage combined with lack of effective treatment. Recent years, the progress in immunotherapy have led to promising results in multiple cancers. Unfortunately, immunotherapy have limited effect in pancreatic cancer due to its characteristic immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Strategies to disrupt TME barrier and increase immunogenicity of pancreatic cancer needs to be developed to allow immunotherapy treatment. Conventional dendritic cell (cDC1) have important functions in preventing tumor development due to their capability to cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) and initiate adoptive immunity. Direct reprogramming refers to when a somatic cell identity is changed without the transition through pluripotency. Earlier study has shown that the three transcription factors PU.1, IRF8 and BATF3 (PIB) were able to reprogram fibroblast into functional DC. The aim of this project was to evaluate feasibility and efficiency in reprogramming pancreatic cancer cells to antigen presenting cells (APC) by enforced expressions of PIB. The project included a wide panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines and primary cancer cells to fully investigate reprogramming capability in cells. Nine days after transduction with lentiviral particles carrying transgenes of PIB flow cytometry was performed. The obtained results showed that reprogramming of pancreatic cancer cells into tumor-APC was possible to achive, though with variated efficiencies. Future perspectives are to evaluate functional properties of the generated tumor-APC and to identify underlying properties of pancreatic cancer cells that inhibits reprogramming efficiency.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle , 2020. , p. 23
Keywords [en]
Antigen presenting cells, Dendritic cells, Direct reprogramming, Immunotherapy, Lentiviral particles, Pancreatic cancer, Transcription factors, Tumor microenvironment
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26949Local ID: 31639OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-26949DiVA, id: diva2:1488554
Educational program
HS Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap
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Available from: 2020-11-03 Created: 2020-11-03Bibliographically approved

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