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Effektivitet av rökavvänjningsmetoder som används i samband med operationen. En systematisk litteraturstudie
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
2014 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund. Daglig rökning är förknippad med en ökad risk för postoperativa komplikationer. Risken kan minskas genom att vara rökfri minst en månad innan en operation. Rökavvänjning är ett preventivt arbete, där sjuksköterskan förebygger komplikationer samt uppmuntrar till livsstilförändringar. Syfte. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att med hjälp av vetenskapliga studier belysa effektivitet av rökavvänjningsmetoder som används i samband med en operation. Metod. En systematisk litteraturstudie. Tre databaser: CINAHL, PubMed och The Cochrane Library användes. 10 randomiserade kontrollerade studier hittades. Dessa studier granskades kritiskt samt grupperades efter skillnader och likheter. Resultat. Det identifierades tre kategorier med hänsyn till rökavvänjningsmetod: samtalsstöd, farmakologiskt stöd och multikomponent stöd. Under varje kategori presenterades studiernas interventionseffektivitet efter deras uppföljningsintervall, vid operation, korttidseffektivitet samt långtidseffektivitet. Konklusion. Multikomponent stöd var mest effektivt under perioden vid operation. Farmakologiskt stöd (vareniklin) hade effekt först vid studiens korttids- och långtidsuppföljning. Samtalsstöd gav bäst effekt på rökavvänjningsarbetet, då effekten var signifikant märkbart både vid operationsdagen och ur långtidsperspektiv.

Abstract [en]

Background. Daily smoking is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. The risk can be reduced by being abstinent at least one month before surgery. Smoking cessation is a prevention work, where the nurse helps to prevent complications, and encourage lifestyle changes. Aim. The aim of this systematic literature review was, by examining scientific studies, to find and illustrate the effectiveness of smoking cessation methods for surgery patients. Method. A systematic literature review. Three computerized bases: CINAHL, PubMed and the Cochrane Library were used. 10 randomized controlled trials were found. These studies were reviewed critically and were sorted according to similarities and differences. Results. Three categories were identified according to smoking cessation method: counseling, pharmacological support and multi- component support. Under each category were presented effectiveness of interventions after their follow-up interval; during surgery, the short-term and long-term effectiveness. Conclusion. Multicomponent support was most effective during the surgery-period. Pharmacological support (varenicline) had effect only at studies short-term and long-term follow-up. Counseling gave the best effect on smoking cessation; the effect was significantly noticeable both at the day of surgery and the long-term perspective.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö högskola/Hälsa och samhälle , 2014. , p. 44
Keywords [sv]
operation, preoperativ omvårdnad, rökavhållsamhet, rökavvänjning, sjuksköterska, systematisk litteraturstudie
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26309Local ID: 17694OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-26309DiVA, id: diva2:1487913
Educational program
HS Sjuksköterskeutbildning
Available from: 2020-11-03 Created: 2020-11-03 Last updated: 2022-06-27Bibliographically approved

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