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"Vad fan håller ni på med?" – Mixad metod om bilbränderna i Malmö kommun 2018
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
2019 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Antalet anlagda bilbränderna i Sverige har ökat dramatiskt under de senaste 20 åren. I jämförelse med grannländerna kan man se att antalet bilbränder i Sverige ligger på en avsevärt högre nivå. Denna uppsats ämnade att med hjälp av Räddningstjänst Syd fastställa var i Malmö kommun bilbränderna skedde under 2018 och med hjälp av statistik från Malmö Stad undersöka om social desorganisationsteori hade någon förklaringskraft för bilbrändernas områdesuppdelade omfattning. Av Räddningstjänstens statistik över bilbränder de tillkallades till under 2018 går det att avläsa att de flesta bilbränderna centreras i, och runt, socialt utsatta områden, men att majoriteten av bilbränderna sker i övriga delar av Malmö. Sett till de socialt utsatta områdenas befolkningsmängd förekom 26 procent av bilbränderna i dessa områden, som tillsammans står för 16,2 procent av Malmös totala befolkning. I dessa utsatta områden finns ett flertal riskfaktorer som påverkar förekomsten av brottslighet. Motiven bakom bränderna tycks vara både emotionella och instrumentella, och försäkringsbolagens branschgemensamma organisation, Larmtjänst, misstänker att uppemot 52 procent av samtliga anlagda bilbränder genomförs med ett bedrägerisyfte. Genom att undersöka social desorganisationsteorins förklaringskraft användes statistik över bland annat inkomst, förvärvsgrad, mobilitet, befolkningsheterogenitet och utbildning. Teorin i sin helhet visade sig inte ha någon förklaringskraft, då endast befolkningsheterogenitet och socioekonomisk status visade sig ha ett signifikant samband, medan befolkningsmobilitet visade sig ha ett icke signifikant samband. Av arbetets kvalitativa ansats framkom det av försäkringsbolag och Polismyndigheten att framförallt en prioritering av bilbränderna måste göras från bådas håll, samt att ett utökat samarbete krävs för att kunna minska antalet bilbränder.

Abstract [en]

The number of car fires in Sweden has increased dramatically over the past 20 years. In comparison with neighboring countries, it can be seen that the number of car fires in Sweden has a considerably higher level. This essay, with the help of Rescue Services South, intended to determine where in the Malmö municipality the car fires took place in 2018 and with the help of statistics from the City of Malmö to investigate whether the social disorganization theory had any explanatory force for the occurrence of car fires in certain neighborhoods. With the data from the Rescue Services, it can be seen most of the car fires are being centered in, and around, socially vulnerable areas, but that the majority of car fires occur in other parts of Malmö. Considering the population of socially vulnerable areas, 26 percent of the car fires occurred in these areas, which together account for 16,2 percent of Malmö's total population. In these vulnerable areas, there are several risk factors that affect the occurrence of crime. The motives behind the fires seem to be both emotional and instrumental, and the insurance companies' industry-wide organization Larmtjänst, suspects that up to 52 percent of all fires are carried out with a fraudulent claim. By examining the explanatory power of social disorganization theory, statistics on income, degree of employment, mobility, population heterogeneity and education, were among other variables used. The theory in its entirety proved to have no explanatory power, since only population heterogeneity and socioeconomic status showed a significant association, while population mobility showed a non-significant association. In particular, it is factors that are closely linked to socio-economic opportunities that have the strongest correlation, which, in turn, is in good agreement with the insurance companies' beliefs regarding the proportion of insurance fraud. From the qualitative approach it emerged from insurance companies and the police that, in particular, a prioritization of the car fires must be made from both sides, and that increased cooperation is required to reduce the number of car fires.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle , 2019. , p. 39
Keywords [sv]
bilbränder, försäkringsbedrägeri, Malmö kommun, socialt utsatta områden, social desorganisation
National Category
Social Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26239Local ID: 29603OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-26239DiVA, id: diva2:1487826
Educational program
HS Criminology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2020-11-03 Created: 2020-11-03Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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  • Other style
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  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
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  • nn-NB
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  • Other locale
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