The purpose of the study was to investigate unaccompanied refugee adolescents, specifically males, psychological well-being in the perspective of social workers who are employed in HVB-homes (residential care homes for children and young persons). More specifically, the purpose was to find out which risk and protective factors might prevent or trigger psychological distress among the unaccompanied adolescents, as well as to investigate which prevention and interventions are done by the social workers. To investigate this, a qualitative approach was used through semi-structured interviews. Seven social workers were interviewed in southern Sweden. Three main themes were identified in the interviews: risk and protective factors, prevention and interventions, which were considered to play a major role in young people's psychological health. The analysis was based on two perspectives, one focused on factors that trigger or prevent psychological distress, and the other focused on prevention and interventions made by the social workers to affect the psychological health of the unaccompanied adolescents. In summary, the study showed that traumatic pre-flight experiences, the flight, asylum process, absence of a social network and family, accommodation and pressure from society, can all be risk factors. Furthermore, the study shows that building relationships with social workers and receiving good reception can strengthen the social network. Access to a school, education, language and a safe accommodation can all be protective factors. The preventive steps made by the staff to improve the mental health were primarily organizing joint leisure activities. The primary intervention was to refer the youth to another instance that has adequate competence and the ability to treat the mental condition. In conclusion, the study showed that the trauma that occurs before and/or during the flight is the biggest risk factor that can affect the adolescent’s psychological health.