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Karakterisering av blodgruppsgenen RHD hos patienter med svagt RhD-antigenuttryck
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS).
2016 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Rh-blodgruppssystemet är mycket komplext med 54 blodgruppsantigen som kodas av två nära varandra belägna gener på kromosom 1 – RHD och RHCE. RHD-genen kodar för RhD-proteinet, ett membranbundet protein på erytrocyter vars antigen utgör de kliniskt viktigaste och mest immunogena efter ABOsystemets, och som kan ge upphov till transfusionskomplikationer och hemolytisk sjukdom hos foster och nyfödda. Vissa individer har varianter av RhD-protein som uttrycks svagare än normalt (”svaga D”), eller där vissa epitoper saknas (”partiella D”), och för vilka serologiska metoder inte kan ge enhetliga resultat. Detta orsakar problem vid blodtransfusion, graviditet och bloddonation, och leder ofta till användning av det redan knappa lagret av RhD-negativa blodenheter för att skydda patienten. I detta projekt har åtta prover med svaga RhD-antigenuttryck sekvenserats med avseende på RHD-genen i syfte att fastställa individernas RhDfenotyp. I sex av proverna hittades sex nukleotidpolymorfismer och två deletioner, som alla är sällsynta men dock är kända sedan tidigare. I två prover kunde inga mutationer i exon eller intilliggande intron påvisas som förklaring till de svaga uttrycken av RhD hos dessa individer.

Abstract [en]

The Rh blood group system is very complex with 54 blood group antigens encoded by two adjacent genes on chromosome 1 – RHD and RHCE. The RHD gene encodes the RhD protein, a membrane bound protein on erythrocytes whose antigens are the most clinically important and immunogenic after those of the ABO system, and which can result in transfusion complications and haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Some individuals have variants of the RhD proteins that are expressed more weakly than normal (“weak D”), or have some of the epitopes missing (“partial D”), and for which serological methods cannot give a uniform result. This provides a problem in blood transfusion, pregnancy, and blood donation, and often results in the use of the already sparse supply of RhDnegative blood units for the safety of the patient. In this project, eight samples with weak RhD antigen expression have been sequenced with regard to the RHD gene in order to determine the RhD phenotype of the individuals. In six of the samples, six single nucleotide polymorphisms and two deletions were found, all of which are rare but are previously known. For two of the samples, no mutations in exons or adjacent introns could be detected to explain the weak expression of RhD in those individuals.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö högskola/Hälsa och samhälle , 2016. , p. 20
Keywords [sv]
blodgrupp, RHD, RhD-protein, sekvensering, svaga D
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24168Local ID: 24812OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-24168DiVA, id: diva2:1485585
Educational program
HS Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap
Available from: 2020-11-02 Created: 2020-11-02 Last updated: 2022-06-27Bibliographically approved

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