Background and aim: An increasing number of studies show that one-stage surgery and immediate loading of implants, in both edentulous mandibles and maxillae, is a treatment alternative with success rates comparable with two stage-surgery and conventional loading. Furthermore, the development of new implant surfaces has shortened the healing time after implant placement. Such a new surface texture is the sand-blasted, large-grit and acid-etched, active surface (SLActive). Using implants with a shortened healing period is presumably advantageous when immediate loading implants. The aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the survival rate of splinted and immediately loaded SLActive implants in edentulous mandibles and maxillae after 2 years of loading. Materials and methods Thirty-three patients (mean age 70 yr) with 23 edentulous maxillae and 14 edentulous mandibles received 6 implants each in maxillae and 5 in mandibles respectively, and an implant-supported fixed interim prosthesis within 24 hours after surgery. After a mean healing time of 15 weeks the patients received a permanent screw-retained implant supported fixed prosthesis. A total of 204 Straumann Standard Plus SLActive implants were placed. Bone quality and jaw shape were classified according to Lekholm and Zarb (1985). Implant stability was measured with Resonance Frequency Analysis at placement, after 2, 4 and 8 weeks and at the one year follow-up. Implant rotational stability was measured with a torque control device at placement and after one year. Radiological examinations and assessments were made at implant installation and after one and two years. Results Mean marginal bone level at baseline for implants placed in maxillae were measured at a point 1.74 (SD 0.94) apical of the reference point (the implant shoulder) and in mandibles 1.73 (SD 1.23). Change in mean marginal bone level from baseline to the 1-year follow-up was 1.18 mm (SD 0.98) in maxillae and 1.15 (SD 1.23) in mandibles. For almost 80% of the implant surfaces marginal bone loss was ≤ 1 mm. The cumulative implant survival rate was 100% after one and two years respectively. Conclusion Straumann Standard Plus SLActive implants immediately loaded within 24 hours, in combination with fixed cross-arch prostheses, had successful survival rate and is a viable treatment alternative.