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Using Interactive Voice Response to Measure Stressful Daily Events Among Prisoners on Parole
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Criminology (KR).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4542-9463
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Criminology (KR).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9819-2474
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Criminology (KR).
2014 (English)Conference paper, Poster (with or without abstract) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Background: The re-entry process is considered to be a stressful event and stress has been identified as an acute dynamic risk factor for crime and criminal recidivism. This study uses Interactive Voice Response to measure stressful daily events, and severity of those events, in paroled offenders during their first 30 days after leaving prison. As far as we know, this is the first study using automated telephony to monitor daily development of stressful events among paroled offenders. Aim: What kind of stressful daily events have been reported by prisoners on parole during the first 30 days after leaving prison and how severe are they in terms of a) self-reported rating, and b) variables associated with psychosocial dysfunction. Methods: 108 paroled offenders were recruited from the Swedish Prison and Probation Service while still in prison. A computer was programmed to perform one daily telephone assessment for each participant, starting the day after probation and continuing for 30 consecutive days. Measures: All subjects were called daily and asked to make a voice recording, maximum 30 s, about their most stressful daily event, and then rate the severity of this event on a scale ranging from 0 (very severe) to 9 (not at all) (Stone & Neal, 1982). They were also asked to daily report their current use and craving for alcohol and drugs, common indices of stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression (SCL-8). All questions were rated on a 10-digit scale, ranging from 0 (negative) to 9 (positive). The daily assessment involved totally 21 questions and with the exception of the rating of most stressful event, the remaining 19 questions were summarized to a total scale ranging from 0 (maximum negative) to 171 points (maximum positive). Analysis: Descriptive content analysis was used to examine the data on daily stressful events. Mean values were calculated on the self-reported severity ratings, use and craving for alcohol and drugs, common indices of stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression (SCL-8). Results: Of a possible 3,240 follow-up contacts during the first 30 days after release on parole, 2,298 (70.9%) recordings were completed. The number of completed recordings for the open-ended question, the most stressful daily event, were 1020 (32.5%), of which 481 (14.8%) contained an stressful event. Of the total of 108 individuals who participated in the follow-ups 76/108 (70.6%) completed at least one recording. The recordings about stressful daily events were categorized and are presented in the table below. Conclusion: This study shows that it is possible to use automated telephony to monitor daily events as well as severity of those events among prisoners on parole. This kind of technology may have implication for parole officers whose work situation is associated with a significant workload and have little time to follow up and intervene on paroled offenders. It may, for example, be used to identify acute challenges related to criminal recidivism that former inmates are facing in the critical period following releas

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014.
National Category
Social Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-16610Local ID: 28107OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-16610DiVA, id: diva2:1420124
Conference
The American Society of Criminology, 70th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA (November 19-22, 2014)
Available from: 2020-03-30 Created: 2020-03-30 Last updated: 2022-12-07Bibliographically approved

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Vasiljevic, ZoranAndersson, ClaesBerglund, Mats

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
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