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Type 2 diabetes and risk for periodontal disease: a role for dental health awareness
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Odontology (OD).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5145-8220
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Odontology (OD).
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2006 (English)In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology, ISSN 0303-6979, E-ISSN 1600-051X, Vol. 33, no 6, p. 408-414Article in journal (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Several studies have found correlations between diabetes and an increased prevalence of periodontitis. OBJECTIVE: To analyse, in a group of subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), (i) the association between medical characteristics and severe periodontal disease and (ii) dental care habits and knowledge of oral health. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-one subjects with T2D were examined. Based on assessment of marginal bone height in panoramic radiographs, two periodontal subgroups were identified: one periodontally diseased (PD+) and one periodontally healthy (PD-) group. All subjects completed a questionnaire about their medical and oral health. RESULTS: Twenty per cent of the subjects were classified as PD+. This was verified by clinical parameters. PD+ individuals had higher haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (p=0.033) and higher prevalences of cardiovascular complications (p=0.012). They were also less likely to be of Scandinavian origin (p=0.028) and more likely to smoke (p<0.001) than the PD- group. The PD+ group rated their oral health as poor (p<0.0001) and believed that T2D had an influence on their oral status (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The best predictor for severe periodontal disease in subjects with T2D is smoking followed by HbA1c levels. T2D subjects should be informed about the increased risk for periodontal disease when suffering from T2D.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2006. Vol. 33, no 6, p. 408-414
National Category
Hematology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-15764DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00929.xISI: 000237350500006PubMedID: 16677329Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-33646711664Local ID: 3663OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-15764DiVA, id: diva2:1419286
Available from: 2020-03-30 Created: 2020-03-30 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Studies on periodontitis and analyses of individuals at risk for periodontal diseases
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Studies on periodontitis and analyses of individuals at risk for periodontal diseases
2006 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Parodontit är en infektionssjukdom som orsakas av munhålans normala bakterieflora samt faktorer i infektionsförsvaret. Det inflammatoriska svaret fungerar som ett skydd för värden men är samtidigt vävnadsnedbrytande. Detta är anledningen till förlust av tandens stödjevävnader. De flesta individer har tandköttsinflammation (gingivit) men betydligt färre har parodontit. Utan behandling progredierar parodontiten och till slut lossnar tanden. Oberoende av etnicitet drabbas 10-15 % i en vuxen befolkning av grav parodontit.Målet med den här avhandlingen har varit att undersöka individer som har ökad risk för parodontit. Fyra studier utfördes på 2 olika individgrupper: -Patienter med behandlad parodontit under parodontal stödbehandling, men med tecken på sjukdomsprogression, behandlade på specialistkliniken för Parodontologi i Malmö, FTV Skåne, Sverige. Studie I-III. -Individer med typ 2 diabetes (T2D), i ett lokalt diabetesregister på Universitetsjukhuset, UMAS, i Malmö, Sverige. Studie IV. -I delarbete I undersöktes den kliniska effekten av behandling av parodontit med en lokal antibiotikagel jämfört med en placebo gel.I delarbete II undersöktes den mikrobiologiska effekten av behandling av parodontit med samma antibiotikagel som i arbete I. I delarbete III undersöktes genetiska variationer i generna för IL-1α, IL-1β och IL-6 hos individer med parodontit jämfört med parodontalt friska individer. I delarbete IV undersöktes individer med T2D avseende prevalens av parodontit och förekomsten av diabeteskomplikationer i relation till graden av parodontit. Dessutom undersöktes om det var någon skillnad mellan tandvårdsvanor och kunskap om oral hälsa hos T2D individer med eller utan parodontit. Konklusionen av den här avhandlingen är att behandling av parodontit med lokal antibiotikagel inte resulterar i någon signifikant skillnad avseende kliniska och mikrobiologiska parametrar i en grupp parodontitbehandlade patienter under stödbehandling. Dessutom har inga skillnader avseende genetiska variationer i Il-1α, IL-1β och IL-6 kunnat påvisas mellan individer med eller utan parodontit. Prevalensen av parodontit är 20% hos individer med T2D, vilket är högre än för övrigt friska individer. Individer med T2D och parodontit har sämre blodsockerreglering, signifikant högre prevalens av hjärt-kärl komplikationer och röker i större utsträckning jämfört med parodontalt friska T2D individer. Avslutningsvis verkar det som att individer med T2D saknar tillräcklig kunskap om oral hälsa.

Abstract [en]

Periodontal disease is an infectious disease initiated by microbial plaque, which accumulates on the tooth surface at the gingival margin and induces an inflammatory reaction. The function of the inflammatory process is to protect the host, however the process may also contribute to tissue destruction. Most individuals show gingival inflammation, but only a limited number suffer from periodontitis i.e. loss of attachment. Without treatment, periodontitis will result in tooth mobility and subsequent tooth mortality.Independent of ethnicity, 10%-15% of an adult population will develop severe periodontitis The aim of this thesis has been to analyse individuals at risk for periodontal disease.Four studies have been conducted in 2 different groups of individuals with: - Recurrent periodontitis kept in a maintenance care program - studies I-III. - Type 2 diabetes (T2D) - study IV. In study I, the clinical effect of local periodontitis treatment with an antibiotic gel was investigated. In study II, the microbiological effect of periodontitis treatment with the same antibiotic gel as in study I was investigated.In study III, it was investigated whether the interleukin-1 (IL-1a and b) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility of chronic periodontitis.In study IV, the prevalence of periodontitis in individuals with T2D was investigated, together with the prevalence of diabetic complications in relation to periodontal disease. We also studied whether there was a difference in dental care habits and knowledge of oral health between T2D subjects with and without periodontal disease. In conclusion, this thesis did not find any significant clinical and microbiological differences between subjects with recurrent periodontal disease treated with a locally delivered metronidazole gel compared to a placebo gel. Neither could we find an association between genetic variants in the IL-1a, IL-1b and IL-6 genes in individuals with or without periodontal disease. The prevalence of severe periodontitis, according to radiographic criteria, was almost 20% in subjects with T2D. This was further confirmed by clinical parameters. T2D individuals with periodontal disease demonstrated a higher HbA1c level, a higher prevalence of cardiovascular complications and a higher proportion of smokers compared to periodontally healthy T2D subjects. Finally, T2D individuals seem to lack sufficient knowledge about oral health.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, 2006. p. 2
Series
Swedish dental journal. Supplement, ISSN 0348-6672
Keywords
antibiotics, diabetes mellitus, genotype, periodontal disease, risk factor
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-7654 (URN)2456 (Local ID)91-7104-288-1 (ISBN)2456 (Archive number)2456 (OAI)
Available from: 2020-02-28 Created: 2020-02-28 Last updated: 2023-06-27Bibliographically approved

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Jansson, HenrikLindh, Christina

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