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Surface structure and mechanical properties of impaction-modified Y-TZP
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Odontology (OD).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6260-473X
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Odontology (OD).
Malmö högskola, Faculty of Odontology (OD).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3460-3374
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2014 (English)In: Dental Materials, ISSN 0109-5641, E-ISSN 1879-0097, Vol. 30, no 8, p. 808-816Article in journal (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Objectives The objectives of the study were to describe the surface structure and the chemical surface composition of Y-TZP ceramics produced by using the modified additive technique and to evaluate the flexural strength of Y-TZP with or without surface modification and with different pretreatments: etching before or after sintering combined with or without an adhesive cement system. Methods Y-TZP discs were used for surface analysis (n = 48) and for biaxial flexural strength testing (n = 200). The specimens were divided into groups depending on the cementation surface of Y-TZP: unmodified, sandblasted or glass-modified Y-TZP surfaces, and according to the production process: etching before or after sintering. Results The surface structure and the chemical composition of glass-modified Y-TZP differ; a rougher surface and phase transformation was identified compared to unmodified Y-TZP. The unmodified Y-TZP groups showed significantly higher flexural strength compared to the glass-modified groups (p < 0.001) and showed increased flexural strength after sandblasting (p < 0.001). Furthermore, by adding cement to the surface, the value increased even further in comparison with the sandblasted non-cemented specimens (p < 0.01). After thermocycling, however, the cement layer on the unmodified and the sandblasted surfaces had air pockets and regions with loose cement. Significance A rougher surface structure, superficial glass remnants and a higher content of m-phase was present in the cementation surface of glass-modified Y-TZP. The glass modification creates a bondable cementation surface that is durable. By etching the glass-modified Y-TZP before sintering, a more homogenous surface is created compared to one that is etched after sintering.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2014. Vol. 30, no 8, p. 808-816
Keywords [en]
compressive strength, dental bonding, dental ceramics, dental cements, material testing, yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia, Y-TZP
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-15313DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.002ISI: 000339998500006PubMedID: 24962988Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84905083332Local ID: 18148OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-15313DiVA, id: diva2:1418834
Available from: 2020-03-30 Created: 2020-03-30 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Micromechanical retention and chemical bonding to polycrystalline dental ceramics: studies on aluminum oxide and stabilized zirconium dioxide
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Micromechanical retention and chemical bonding to polycrystalline dental ceramics: studies on aluminum oxide and stabilized zirconium dioxide
2014 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Det pågår en ständig utveckling av olika dentala material avsedda föratt ersätta förlorad tandsubstans. En materialgrupp som är särskiltintressant är höghållfasta keramiska material, oxidkeramer så somyttriumdioxidstabiliserad tetragonal polykristallin zirkoniumdioxid(Y-TZP). Förutom utveckling av material, är en av de störreutmaningarna att få tandersättningar att sitta fast i munnen på ettvävnadsbesparande sätt.Vid traditionell cementeringsteknik, fästs tandstödda ersättningarmed vattenbaserade cement, vars vidhäftning dels är beroendeav att tänderna slipas i syfte att skapa en geometrisk form för attåstadkomma makromekanisk retention och dels av ytstrukturenpå tand och tandersättning som skapas under processen och utgörmikromekanisk retention. I kliniska situationer med otillräckligmakromekanisk retention kan det vara nödvändigt att användaadhesiv cementeringsteknik. En förutsättning för en tillförlitligadhesiv bindning mellan tandersättning, cement och befintligtand är mikromekanisk retention och resinbaserade cement sommöjliggör en kemisk bindning. Det senare har visat sig vara svårtoch oförutsägbart att uppnå för oxidkeramer. Olika tekniker förmodifiering av oxidkeramers cementeringsyta har föreslagits för attmöjliggöra adhesiv cementeringsteknik.Övergripande mål med föreliggande avhandlingsarbete var attutveckla och utvärdera metoder för att modifiera polykristallinakeramers yta och därigenom möjliggöra kombinerad mekanisk ochkemisk bindning mellan oxidkeramer och adhesiva cementsystem. I delarbete I utvärderades bindningsstyrkan mellan olika adhesivacementsystem och en tätsintrad aluminiumoxidbaserad keram. Tvåav sex undersökta cementsystem uppvisade acceptabel bindning tillaluminiumoxid. Valet av ytbehandling på oxidkeramen bör baseraspå vilket cementsystem som ska användas.I delarbete II presenterades och utvärderades en ny framställningsteknikför ytmodifierad Y-TZP, lämpad för adhesivcementeringsteknik. Ytmodifieringen visade ökad mikrostruktur ochhögre bindningsstyrka jämfört med obehandlad Y-TZP. Uppföljninggjordes i delarbete IV med ytterligare ytanalyser och hållfasthetstest.En kemisk sammansättning med glas och monoklin fas identifieradesmed ökad ytråhet. Ytmodifieringen med glasmedium resulterade ilägre hållfasthet som dock ökade i samband med cementering.Delarbete III var en systematisk litteraturöversikt med syfteatt inventera olika metoder för ytbehandling/modifiering avoxidkeramer och utvärdera vilka av dessa som ger kliniskt relevantbindningsstyrka. Indelningen av de olika ytbehandlingarna var:fabriksproducerad, slipad/polerad, sandblästrad, ytmodifierad medolika typer av täckande lager, laser-, syra- och primerbehandlad.Sandblästring eller kiseltäckning av cementeringsytan kombineratmed primer utmärkte sig med högre värden på bindningsstyrkan,något som dock ännu inte blivit bekräftat i kliniska studier. Detfinns ingen universell ytbehandling. Valet av ytbehandlingar börbaseras på vilket material som ska användas.Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten i avhandlingen att olikaytbehandlingar av oxidkeramer, i synnerlighet ytmodifieringmed glasmedium, kan öka bindningsstyrkan mellan keram ochadhesivt cementsystem. All ytbehandling påverkar dock materialetsegenskaper och slutligen tandersättningen. Valet av ytbehandlingbör göras utifrån specifika materialval, avseende både keram ochrespektive cementsystem.

Abstract [en]

Researchers are constantly developing new dental materials toreplace missing teeth. One material group receiving major focusis ceramic materials; more specifically, oxide ceramics; and, inparticular, yttrium dioxide-stabilized tetragonal polycrystallinezirconium dioxide (Y-TZP). In addition, one of the major challengesis to ensure retention of oxide ceramic-based restoration in themouth, in a tissue preserving way.Success in traditional cementation of dental restorations relies ona geometric form that establishes the macromechanical retention,the surface structure of the dental restoration, the tooth substance(micromechanical retention) and the cement itself. In clinicalsituations when macromechanical retention is insufficient, it maybe necessary to use an adhesive cementation technique. Reliableadhesive bonding between the restoration, the cement, and thetooth substance requires micromechanical retention and cementthat achieves chemical retention. In oxide ceramics, chemicalretention has been difficult to achieve and unpredictable. Varioustechniques have been proposed for modifying the surface of oxideceramic-based restorations making adhesive cementation techniquea possible treatment option.The overall aim of this thesis is to evaluate and develop techniquesfor modifying the surface of oxide ceramics that enable durablebonding between the restorations and adhesive cement systems.Additionally, the thesis will inventory existing methods for achievinga bondable surface on oxide ceramics and how these methods affectthe materials. Study I evaluated bond strength between several adhesive cementsystems and densely sintered aluminum oxide. Two of six of thecement systems studied showed acceptable bonding to denselysintered aluminum oxide. The choice of surface treatment for theoxide ceramic should be based on the cement system to be used.Study II described a modified-additive technique for producingbondable Y-TZP and evaluated the resulting surface structure andbond strength. Surface-modified Y-TZP showed a rougher surfacestructure and higher bond strength than unmodified Y-TZP. StudyIV extended these evaluations with additional surface analysisand flexural strength testing. The results showed increased surfaceroughness, with a chemical composition of glass and with a content ofmonoclinic phase. Compared to unmodified Y-TZP, glass-modifiedY-TZP showed lower flexural strength values that increased withthe use of cement.Study III was a systematic literature review to inventory existingmethods for achieving a bondable surface on oxide ceramics. Thisstudy also evaluated which methods provide clinically relevantbond strength and classified the various surface treatments intoseven main groups: as-produced, grinding/polishing, airborneparticle abrasion, surface coating, laser treatment, acid treatment,and primer treatment. Abrasive surface treatment, as well as silicacoatingtreatment, combined with the use of a primer treatment canresult in sufficient bond strength for the bonding of oxide ceramics.This conclusion, however, needs to be confirmed by clinical studies.There is no universal surface treatment; the choice should be basedon the specific materials. Together, the results of this thesis demonstrate that differentsurface treatments/modifications of oxide ceramics increase thebond strength between ceramics and adhesive cement systems.Surface modification with a glass medium was particularly effective.All surface treatment, however, affects the material properties andthe resulting dental restoration. Choice of surface treatment shouldbe made based on the restoration materials: the oxide ceramics andthe adhesive cement systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, 2014. p. 110
Series
Doctoral Dissertation in Odontology
Keywords
alumina, aluminium oxide, bond strength, oxide ceramics, polycrystalline dental ceramics, stabilized zirconium dioxide, Y-TZP, zirconia, adhesive cements
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-7674 (URN)16893 (Local ID)978-91-7104-539-3 (ISBN)978-91-7104-540-9 (ISBN)16893 (Archive number)16893 (OAI)
Note

Note: The papers are not included in the fulltext online.

Paper IV in dissertation as manuscript.

Available from: 2020-02-28 Created: 2020-02-28 Last updated: 2024-03-12Bibliographically approved

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Papia, EvaggeliaJimbo, RyoChrcanovic, BrunoVult von Steyern, Per

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