The presentation will be about a science education aiming at citizenship and sustainability. My point of departure is a version of “Bildung”, which emphasizes relations, contextual knowledge and philosophical values. Bildung is a multifaceted North European philosophical and educational tradition. After describing the meaning of Bildung and its historical roots, I will focus on a version called critical-reflexive Bildung (Sjöström, 2017). It was developed based on e.g. Wolfgang Klafki’s ideas of Bildung for emancipation and solidarity and a critical-constructive teaching of relevant subject knowledge (Sjöström et al., 2017). I will ask what a science education based on critical-reflexive Bildung could look like (Sjöström, Eilks & Zuin, 2016) and give some illustrating examples. For example I will refer to a Didaktik-model oriented towards science teaching based on a socio-critical and problem-oriented approach (Sjöström, Rauch & Eilks, 2015). Furthermore, I will discuss the implications of critical-reflexive Bildung on our views of scientific literacy. I will argue for a Vision III of scientific literacy and STEM education (Sjöström & Eilks, 2018). It is a critical orientation, which in addition to conceptual knowledge also emphasizes understanding of the nature of science (NOS) and the interplay between science-technology-society-environment (STSE), as well as engagement in socio-political actions. Science education based on critical-reflexive Bildung integrates cognitive and affective domains, includes complex socio-scientific issues (SSI), and has an ambition to make moral-philosophical-existential-political alternatives visible. Relations are emphasized as well as a collective responsibility for our common world.