Background: In 1977 Biomedical Scientist Education became a part of higher education in Sweden. In conjunction with the education becoming a university programme, requirements were expressed regarding the fact that there should be a major subject for the education and for the research area. Opportunities to study towards a doctorate become also available in this year. The aim is to describe the development of Biomedical Laboratory Science as the major subject and the research area in Sweden. Methods. Analysis of different published and unpublished sources. Results: The major subject for the education were from 1977 explained as laboratory technology and from 1982 laboratory methodology and from 1989 as Biomedical Laboratory Science (BML). In 1981 the first Biomedical Scientist took a PhD and today have about 200 Biomedical Scientist a doctorate most of them from the Faculty of Medicine. From 2001 the research area BML was established at the Faculty of Medicine and the research education can be done in BML. In 2004 the first PhD thesis were in BML. Since 1993 we also have bachelors and masters degree in BML. Conclusions: BML is today a well-established major subject in the Biomedical Scientist Education and a subject for research education and scientific work.