The purpose of the chapter is to describe and analyse the development of the Swedish sport model in relation to the development of the Swedish Social Democracy and the welfare state in order to explain the strong position of the Swedish Sport Confederation. The sport model is problematised as several conflicting ideas have and continue to influence the model, including the notion of 'Sport for all', elite sport, voluntarism, amateurism, professionalisation and commercialisation. In addition, societal expectations regarding competencies that children and young people should learn and develop while participating in organised sports will be elucidated and problematised. Finally, the sport model will be discussed in relation to patterns of gender relations.