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Conformational control of antimicrobial peptide amphiphilicity: consequences for boosting membrane interactions and antimicrobial effects of photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles
Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Lund University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5293-8816
LINXS Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Lund, Sweden.
Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society (HS), Department of Biomedical Science (BMV). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6783-6564
Institut Laue–Langevin, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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2024 (English)In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP, ISSN 1463-9076, E-ISSN 1463-9084, Vol. 26, no 23, p. 16529-16539Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study reports on the effects of conformationally controlled amphiphilicity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on their ability to coat TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and boost the photocatalytic antimicrobial effects of such NPs. For this, TiO2 NPs were combined with AMP EFK17 (EFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLV), displaying a disordered conformation in aqueous solution but helix formation on interaction with bacterial membranes. The membrane-bound helix is amphiphilic, with all polar and charged amino acid residues located at one side and all non-polar and hydrophobic residues on the other. In contrast, the d-enantiomer variant EFK17-d (E(dF)KR(dI)VQR(dI)KD(dF)LRNLV) is unable to form the amphiphilic helix on bacterial membrane interaction, whereas the W-residues in EFK17-W (EWKRWVQRWKDFLRNLV) boost hydrophobic interactions of the amphiphilic helix. Circular dichroism results showed the effects displayed for the free peptide, to also be present for peptide-coated TiO2 NPs, causing peptide binding to decrease in the order EFK17-W > EFK17 > EFK17-d. Notably, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the TiO2 NPs was essentially unaffected by the presence of peptide coating, for all the peptides investigated, and the coatings stabilized over hours of UV exposure. Photocatalytic membrane degradation from TiO2 NPs coated with EFK17-W and EFK17 was promoted for bacteria-like model bilayers containing anionic phosphatidylglycerol but suppressed in mammalian-like bilayers formed by zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Structural aspects of these effects were further investigated by neutron reflectometry with clear variations observed between the bacteria- and mammalian-like model bilayers for the three peptides. Mirroring these results in bacteria-like model membranes, combining TiO2 NPs with EFK17-W and EFK17, but not with non-adsorbing EFK17-d, resulted in boosted antimicrobial effects of the resulting cationic composite NPs already in darkness, effects enhanced further on UV illumination.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024. Vol. 26, no 23, p. 16529-16539
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-68281DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01724bISI: 001237727300001PubMedID: 38828872Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85195043591OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-68281DiVA, id: diva2:1865346
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2021-05498Independent Research Fund Denmark, 9040-00020BAvailable from: 2024-06-04 Created: 2024-06-04 Last updated: 2024-09-17Bibliographically approved

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Schirone, Davide

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