Malmö University Publications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Acid tolerance in early colonizers of oral biofilms
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5888-664X
Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD). Malmö University, Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces.
2021 (English)In: BMC Microbiology, E-ISSN 1471-2180, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 45Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: In caries, low pH drives selection and enrichment of acidogenic and aciduric bacteria in oral biofilms, and development of acid tolerance in early colonizers is thought to play a key role in this shift. Since previous studies have focussed on planktonic cells, the effect of biofilm growth as well as the role of a salivary pellicle on this process is largely unknown. We explored acid tolerance and acid tolerance response (ATR) induction in biofilm cells of both clinical and laboratory strains of three oral streptococcal species (Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus mutans) as well as two oral species of Actinomyces (A. naeslundii and A. odontolyticus) and examined the role of salivary proteins in acid tolerance development.

METHODS: Biofilms were formed on surfaces in Ibidi® mini flow cells with or without a coating of salivary proteins and acid tolerance assessed by exposing them to a challenge known to kill non-acid tolerant cells (pH 3.5 for 30 min) followed by staining with LIVE/DEAD BacLight and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The ability to induce an ATR was assessed by exposing the biofilms to an adaptation pH (pH 5.5) for 2 hours prior to the low pH challenge.

RESULTS: Biofilm formation significantly increased acid tolerance in all the clinical streptococcal strains (P < 0.05) whereas the laboratory strains varied in their response. In biofilms, S. oralis was much more acid tolerant than S. gordonii or S. mutans. A. naeslundii showed a significant increase in acid tolerance in biofilms compared to planktonic cells (P < 0.001) which was not seen for A. odontolyticus. All strains except S. oralis induced an ATR after pre-exposure to pH 5.5 (P < 0.05). The presence of a salivary pellicle enhanced both acid tolerance development and ATR induction in S. gordonii biofilms (P < 0.05) but did not affect the other bacteria to the same extent.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that factors such as surface contact, the presence of a salivary pellicle and sensing of environmental pH can contribute to the development of high levels of acid tolerance amongst early colonizers in oral biofilms which may be important in the initiation of caries.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2021. Vol. 21, no 1, article id 45
Keywords [en]
Acid tolerance response, Actinomyces, Pellicle, Salivary proteins, Streptococci
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41154DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02089-2ISI: 000617808500001PubMedID: 33583397Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85101037383OAI: oai:DiVA.org:mau-41154DiVA, id: diva2:1536211
Available from: 2021-03-10 Created: 2021-03-10 Last updated: 2024-10-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Environmental effects on the acid tolerance of oral biofilms
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Environmental effects on the acid tolerance of oral biofilms
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates the acid tolerance (AT) of oral biofilms and how this property is affected by changes in the local environment, to further understand the phenotypical modifications of the bacterial communities that occur during caries development.

Paper I explored the effect of biofilm growth and presence of salivary proteins on the AT of five oral species, as well as their ability to induce an acid tolerance response (ATR). The results show that surface contact, presence of salivary proteins and sensing of environmental pH can contribute to high levels of AT.

In paper II, the AT, metabolic profile and microbial composition of plaque samples from children with oral health and children with severe caries were compared. Differences between the two groups were observed in organic acid production and species composition of the plaque samples, and significantly higher levels of AT was observed in plaque collected from caries active children.

In paper III, the effect of probiotic strains on the ATR of four oral species when grown in dual-species biofilms was investigated. The results showed that the presence of the probiotic strain L. reuteri PTA5289 was able to inhibit the ATR of oral species and led to a down-regulation of three key genes involved in acid stress tolerance.

The results of this thesis suggest that many species of the oral biofilm can obtain high levels of acid tolerance and that signals in the extracellular environment contribute to an increase and decrease of this property. Biofilm AT might therefore be a future focus in the development of new predictive biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for dental caries.

Abstract [sv]

Avhandlingen undersöker orala biofilmers syratolerans (AT) och hur denna egenskap påverkas av ändringar i den omgivande miljön. Detta för att närmare första de fenotypiska förändringar som de orala bakterierna genomgår under kariesutveckling.

I delarbete I analyseras hur växt i biofilm och närvaro av salivproteiner påverkar 5 orala bakteriearters AT samt deras förmåga att utveckla en ATR. Resultaten av studien visar att adhesion till en yta, närvaro av salivprotein och pH-förändringar i den omgivande miljön kan bidra till höga nivåer av syratolerans hos orala bakterier.

I delarbete II undersöks kliniska plackprover från barn med hög kariesaktivitet med plackprover från barn utan tecken på kariesaktivitet, vad gäller bakteriernas AT, kolhydratmetabolism och inbördes komposition. Skillnader i produktionen av organiska syror och bakteriell komposition kunde ses mellan de två grupperna och signifikant högre nivåer av AT visades i plackprover från barnen med hög kariesaktivitet.

I delarbete III, undersöktes effekten av probiotiska bakterier på orala arters AT. Resultaten av studien visar att närvaro av den probiotiska arten L. reuteri PTA5289 inhiberade utvecklingen av en ATR hos de orala arterna och ledde till en nedreglering av tre gener involverade i ATR.

Resultaten i denna avhandling indikerar att många orala arter kan uppnå höga nivåer av syratolerans och att denna egenskap kan påverkas av signaler i den omgivande miljön. AT hos orala biofilmer kan därför vara ett framtida fokusområde vid utvecklingen av nya prediktiva biomarkörer och terapeutiska interventioner för karies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Malmö University Press, 2024. p. 74
Series
Doctoral Dissertation in Odontology
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-71794 (URN)10.24834/isbn.9789178775514 (DOI)978-91-7877-550-7 (ISBN)978-91-7877-551-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-11-22, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Paper II in dissertation as manuscript.

Available from: 2024-10-28 Created: 2024-10-28 Last updated: 2024-10-29Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(2718 kB)331 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 2718 kBChecksum SHA-512
cd74f1ec214ecb8db362450a884293ed89c8f6bfea5ccad678ca24e6a280e75fd43c41e981f8cc630071741f8e42ffeeb5d2fa4c93d9fb0bad4915fa628e55a1
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMedScopus

Authority records

Boisen, GabriellaDavies, Julia RNeilands, Jessica

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Boisen, GabriellaDavies, Julia RNeilands, Jessica
By organisation
Faculty of Odontology (OD)Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces
In the same journal
BMC Microbiology
Dentistry

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 331 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 156 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf