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Dalum, J., Paulsson, L., Christidis, N., Andersson Franko, M., Karlgren, K., Leanderson, C. & Sandborgh-Englund, G. (2024). Consistency between inter-institutional panels using a three-level Angoff-standard setting in licensure tests of foreign-trained dentists in Sweden: A cohort study. PLOS ONE, 19(11), Article ID e0313476.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Consistency between inter-institutional panels using a three-level Angoff-standard setting in licensure tests of foreign-trained dentists in Sweden: A cohort study
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2024 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 19, no 11, article id e0313476Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Licensure exams play a crucial role in ensuring the competence of individuals entering a profession, thereby safeguarding the public and maintaining the quality and integrity of the profession. In Sweden, dentists educated outside the European Union seeking to practise dentistry must undergoa re-certification process. The re-certification process includes a theoretical examination where pass marks are set using a three-level Angoff method. This study aimed to determine the consistency of the Angoff ratings using independent panels at two Swedish universities. Two cohorts of panellists were included in the study: one reference and one external. The reference panel was responsible for rating the upcoming theoretical examinations in the proficiency test, which were used to set the pass mark. The external panel, recruited from a dental school at a university in another region in Sweden, provided ratings after the examinations. Three examinations during 2019–2020 were included in this study (267 items in total). There was a strong correlation (ρ ≥ 0.70, p < .001) between the ratings of the two independent panels, with no significant differences in item ratings across the full exams, dental disciplines, and professional qualifications analysed. This suggests that the three-level Angoff method reliably produces similar standards for assessing the competence of the minimally qualified dentist across different institutions. The expectations of the minimally qualified but still acceptable dentist were comparable between the two independent panels across the three theoretical examinations explored. The alignment between the panels indicates valid, reliable standards across institutions, despite the independent syllabi of the two study programmes. However, while there is an alignment, differences in ratings remain. Consequently, involving multiple institutions in future standard-setting processes could help ensure that the standards reflect a broader range of educational practices, supporting the credibility of licensure examinations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2024
National Category
Educational Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-72097 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0313476 (DOI)001352127000041 ()39514553 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85208577612 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-11-11 Created: 2024-11-11 Last updated: 2025-01-07Bibliographically approved
Johansson, K., Paulsson, L. & Christell, H. (2024). Reliability and agreement of root length measurements during orthodontic treatment in images from different CBCT machines using multiplanar reconstruction. Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 11, 97-105
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Reliability and agreement of root length measurements during orthodontic treatment in images from different CBCT machines using multiplanar reconstruction
2024 (English)In: Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, E-ISSN 2641-5275, Vol. 11, p. 97-105Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objectives: To assess inter- and intrarater reliability and agreement for measurements of root lengths using multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations.Furthermore, to determine whether using MPR from different CBCT machines was a reliable and reproduc-ible method for assessment of root length during orthodontic treatment of adolescents. Materials and methods: A total of 40 CBCT examinations obtained before, during and after orthodontic treatment of 14 adolescents, with fixed appliances from a multicentre randomised controlled trial, were used. All roots from the incisors to the first molars were measured by two independent raters and in accor-dance with a protocol preceded by a multi-step calibration. Reliability was assessed by intra class cor-relation (ICC). Agreement was assessed by measurement error according to the Dahlberg formula and Bland–Altman plot.Results: The number of repeated measurements varied from 436 to 474 for the different timepoints. Good to excellent inter- and intrarater reliability for different tooth groups and timepoints were shown. Measurement error for inter- and intrarater agreement varied between 0.41 mm and 0.77 mm. The Bland–Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement varied between +1.43 mm and −2.01 mm for different tooth groups and timepoints. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that CBCT using MPR from different machines is a reproduc-ible method for measuring root length during different phases of orthodontic treatment. When interpret-ing root shortening measurements in CBCT using MPR for clinical or research purposes, values below 2 mm should be approached with caution, as they may contain measurement errors

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Medical Journals Sweden AB, 2024
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-70804 (URN)10.2340/biid.v11.41161 (DOI)39228399 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85207434222 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-09-04 Created: 2024-09-04 Last updated: 2024-11-11Bibliographically approved
Johansson, K., Bokander Matilainen, L., Wiaderny, M., Berlin, H., Klingberg, G., Ghiasi, H., . . . Paulsson, L. (2024). Self-reported pain during different phases of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance: A multi-centre randomized controlled trial in adolescents with crowding. Orthodontics & craniofacial research, 27(4), 560-571
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Self-reported pain during different phases of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance: A multi-centre randomized controlled trial in adolescents with crowding
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2024 (English)In: Orthodontics & craniofacial research, ISSN 1601-6335, E-ISSN 1601-6343, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 560-571Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reported pain levels across various treatment phases using passive self-ligating (Damon) and conventional (Victory) standardized fixed appliance systems.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adolescents (12-17 years old) with crowding and displaced teeth, planned for non-extraction treatment, were recruited from four orthodontic clinics. They were randomized into stratified blocks (1:1 ratio) using concealed allocation to receive Damon Q™ (34 boys, 28 girls) or Victory™ (39 boys, 31 girls). Pain and analgesic intake were assessed on seven different occasions with validated self-report questionnaires using a 10-grade scale.

RESULTS: Of the 132 patients included, six were lost to follow up. Clinically relevant mean pain scores (≥4) were registered in both groups after bonding upper and lower arches and after insertion of 0.019 × 0.025 stainless steel archwire. The highest mean scores were reported on day two after bonding the upper arch (Damon 5.96, Victory 7.18, P = .011). In both groups, at least 40% reported taking analgesics during various treatment phases. The Damon group reported a lower intake of analgesics on days one and two (P = .042 and .037) after treatment initiation. In the entire sample, boys reported significantly higher mean pain scores than girls on the second and third days after bonding (P = .008 and .026, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: Lower pain levels were reported from the Damon group after bonding. In general, boys reported higher pain than girls did. Clinicians and adolescents need to be aware that clinically relevant pain levels can be expected not only after bonding but also in later phases.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2024
Keywords
RCT, adolescent, fixed, orthodontic appliances, pain
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-66281 (URN)10.1111/ocr.12771 (DOI)001169625100001 ()38389292 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85186398132 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2024-03-08 Created: 2024-03-08 Last updated: 2024-09-26Bibliographically approved
Kallunki, J., Bondemark, L. & Paulsson, L. (2022). Comparisons of costs and treatment effects-an RCT on headgear activator treatment of excessive overjet in the mixed and late mixed dentition. European Journal of Orthodontics, 44(1), 86-94, Article ID cjab026.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparisons of costs and treatment effects-an RCT on headgear activator treatment of excessive overjet in the mixed and late mixed dentition
2022 (English)In: European Journal of Orthodontics, ISSN 0141-5387, E-ISSN 1460-2210, Vol. 44, no 1, p. 86-94, article id cjab026Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: To compare the costs and treatment effects of headgear activator treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet between treatments started in the mixed (MD) and late mixed dentition (LMD).

TRIAL DESIGN: Two-arm parallel-group single-centre randomized controlled trial (RCT).

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 56 children presenting Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet were assessed and invited to an RCT designed as intention-to-treat. The children were randomized, by an independent person not involved in the trial into two groups, treatment with headgear activator in the MD starting at the age of 9 or to treatment with a headgear activator in LMD, starting at the age of 11. The primary outcome measure was to compare the treatment costs between the two groups. Societal costs (the sum of direct and indirect costs) were calculated for successful treatments only and when unsuccessful treatments were included. Secondary outcomes were comparisons of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), dental and skeletal treatment effects, lip closure, and trauma incidence. Data collections were performed before and after treatment, corresponding to a treatment period of 2 years. Blinding was accomplished when assessing outcomes.

RESULTS: No group differences in costs were found of successful treatments or when unsuccessful treatments were included. The most pronounced treatment effects in both groups were the reduction of overjet and improved molar relation. Treatment started in MD or in LMD were equal and without significant differences regarding effects on OHRQoL, skeletal effects, lip closure, and incidence of trauma.

HARMS: No harm was observed, but 8 of 30 children (27%) in the MD and 6 of 21 children (29%) in the LMD group showed unsuccessful results.

LIMITATIONS: Costs depend on local factors and can thereby not be directly transferred to other settings. It was a single-centre trial and can thus be less generalizable.

CONCLUSIONS: Regarding costs and treatment effects, there is no difference if headgear activator treatment of excessive overjet starts in the MD or LMD.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04508322.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2022
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42476 (URN)10.1093/ejo/cjab026 (DOI)000822060100011 ()34041527 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85128244997 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-05-31 Created: 2021-05-31 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved
Johansson, K., Lindh, C., Paulsson, L. & Rohlin, M. (2021). A tool for assessment of risk of bias in studies of adverse effects of orthodontic treatment applied in a systematic review on external root resorption. European Journal of Orthodontics, 43(4), 457-466, Article ID cjaa072.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A tool for assessment of risk of bias in studies of adverse effects of orthodontic treatment applied in a systematic review on external root resorption
2021 (English)In: European Journal of Orthodontics, ISSN 0141-5387, E-ISSN 1460-2210, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 457-466, article id cjaa072Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Systematic reviews (SRs) are considered to provide reliable estimates, but flaws in designs, methods of monitoring effects, and outcomes have the potential to bias results. There are several tools for assessing risk of bias (RoB), most of them designed for SRs of beneficial effects. To our knowledge, there is no tool that is adapted specifically to assess RoB in studies of adverse effects associated with orthodontic treatment. To address this, the aim of this study was first to introduce a tool for assessment of RoB in studies of adverse effects associated with orthodontic treatment and, second, to apply it in an SR of external root resorption (ERR) associated with orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The approach with domains supported by signalling questions was used for the tool. Domains and signalling questions were tailored to the review questions of the SR of studies of ERR after orthodontic treatment using periapical radiography or cone beam computed tomography. Duplicate study selection, data extraction, and RoB assessment using the tool, followed by meta-analyses, were performed.

RESULTS: Using the tool for the assessment of RoB identified shortcomings and report deficiencies of primary studies concerning the presentation of orthodontic treatment, identification of ERR, and analysis of outcomes. RoB assessment resulted in 12 of 32 studies read in full text being included. Reported severe ERR varied across studies between 2 and 14 per cent for all incisors and 10 and 29 per cent for maxillary incisors. Results of ERR related to patients' age and sex, orthodontic diagnosis, and treatment were contradictory. Quality of evidence evaluated by GRADE was low due to study limitations, imprecision, and inconsistency of study results.

CONCLUSIONS: As the tool and its application highlight important issues to consider when planning, conducting, and reporting research, the tool may have a valuable role for quality enhancement of future studies of outcomes of orthodontic treatment. The tool may also serve for authors when planning SRs. Our SR identified a need for studies that use rigorous methodology and transparent reporting.

REGISTRATION: PROSPERO (ID = CRD42018084725).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2021
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-37389 (URN)10.1093/ejo/cjaa072 (DOI)000707782200012 ()33215631 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85114055055 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2020-12-08 Created: 2020-12-08 Last updated: 2024-09-26Bibliographically approved
Brogårdh-Roth, S., Paulsson, L., Larsson, P. & Ekberg, E. (2021). Do preterm-born adolescents have a poorer oral health-related quality of life?. BMC Oral Health, 21(1), Article ID 440.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Do preterm-born adolescents have a poorer oral health-related quality of life?
2021 (English)In: BMC Oral Health, E-ISSN 1472-6831, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 440Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: To evaluate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) over a period of five years using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire in a population of Swedish adolescents born preterm and full term.

METHODS: In a longitudinal study of adolescents aged 12-14 and 17-19, changes over time in OHRQoL were measured by using OHIP-14. The OHIP-14 score, self-reported chronic illness, temporomandibular disorder (TMD pain) and subjective orthodontic treatment need were compared between 98 extremely and very preterm born (< 32 gestational week) and 93 full-term controls (≥ 37 gestational week) at two ages. The chi-square test was used for comparisons within the extremely-, very-, and full-term control groups, and to contrast the differences of mean scores of OHIP-14, the ANOVA test was used for comparisons within the study groups of extremely preterm, very preterm and full term-born adolescents.

RESULTS: All adolescents reported a good self-perceived OHRQoL. No significant differences in the comparisons of the total mean scores were revealed between the groups, between gender or in domain-specific scores over the 5-year period. Very preterm adolescents with reported chronic illness at 12-14 years of age showed significantly higher mean scores of OHIP-14 compared with those without chronic illness (p = 0.015). At age 17-19, significantly higher mean scores of OHIP-14 were reported by very preterm adolescents with TMD pain compared to those without TMD pain (p = 0.024). Significantly higher mean scores of OHIP-14 were found among the extremely preterm (p = 0.011) and very preterm born adolescents (p = 0.031) with a subjective need of orthodontic treatment compared with those without orthodontic treatment need.

CONCLUSIONS: Poor OHRQoL measured with OHIP-14 in very preterm adolescents aged 12-14 was related to chronic illness and aged 17-19 to TMD pain. In addition, extremely and very preterm-born adolescents with subjective orthodontic treatment need at 17-19 years of age also reported poor OHRQoL. To improve the dentist-patient relationship and achieve more successful treatment results, it is important for dental clinicians to understand the impact that chronic illness, TMD pain and orthodontic treatment need has on OHRQoL in preterm-born adolescents.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2021
Keywords
Adolescents, Born preterm, Oral health-related quality of life
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45893 (URN)10.1186/s12903-021-01799-3 (DOI)000694895900002 ()34503481 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85114670143 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-09-15 Created: 2021-09-15 Last updated: 2024-11-11Bibliographically approved
Kallunki, J., Bondemark, L. & Paulsson, L. (2021). Early headgear activator treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Orthodontics, 43(6), 639-647, Article ID cjaa073.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Early headgear activator treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet: a randomized controlled trial
2021 (English)In: European Journal of Orthodontics, ISSN 0141-5387, E-ISSN 1460-2210, Vol. 43, no 6, p. 639-647, article id cjaa073Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: To compare early headgear activator treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet with untreated control subjects in terms of the primary outcomes overjet and overbite as well as the effect regarding oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), lip closure, incidence of trauma, and skeletal changes.

TRIAL DESIGN: Two-arm parallel group single-centre randomized controlled trial.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 60 children (mean age 9.5 years) presenting a Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet were recruited. The trial was designed as intention-to-treat and the participants randomized by an independent person not involved in the trial to either early treatment with headgear activator or to an untreated control group (UG). Dental and skeletal variables as well as registrations of OHRQoL, lip closure, and incidence of trauma were recorded. For the treatment group, data were registered at baseline before treatment and when treatment was finished, corresponding to approximately 2 years. For the UG, registrations were made at baseline and at 11 years of age. Observers were blinded to treatment allocation when assessing outcomes.

RESULTS: Early treatment with headgear activator significantly decreased overjet and improved molar relationship when compared with untreated controls. The effects were primarily due to dentoalveolar changes. Early treatment had no evident effect regarding OHRQoL, lip closure, or incidence of trauma. Lack of cooperation resulted in unsuccessful treatments for 27% of the patients.

LIMITATIONS: The trial was a single-centre trial and can thus be less generalizable.

CONCLUSIONS: The main treatment effect of early headgear activator treatment of Class II malocclusion with excessive overjet is reduction of overjet.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04508322.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2021
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-37151 (URN)10.1093/ejo/cjaa073 (DOI)000743691800005 ()33274388 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85122546518 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2020-12-07 Created: 2020-12-07 Last updated: 2024-02-05Bibliographically approved
Bondemark, L., Kallunki, J. & Paulsson, L. (2019). An updated systematic review regarding early Class II malocclusion correction (ed.). Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists, 8(3), 89-94
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An updated systematic review regarding early Class II malocclusion correction
2019 (English)In: Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists, E-ISSN 2212-4438, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 89-94Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background and aim: Class II malocclusion is one of the most common malocclusions in young children and a great deal of research on this topic has been undertaken. Despite this, there are still knowledge gaps on whether it is effective to treat these malocclusions early or what type of treatment should be performed. The aim of this article was to systematically review and update the quality of evidence for various treatment modalities considering Class II malocclusion correction before 10 years of age and with a focus on improvement of dental and skeletal relationships, soft tissue profile, relation to temporomandibular disorder (TMD), incidence on dental trauma, cost-effectiveness, and quality of life. Material and methods: Four databases were searched, from January 1960 to April 2019. Inclusion criteria were randomized or controlled trials reporting short- or long-term effects on dental or basal relationships, soft tissue profile, associations to TMD, quality of life, incidence of trauma, or costs. The quality of evidence was scored according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation. Results: A total of 300 publications were identified and 23 satisfied the inclusion criteria for full evaluation. The quality of evidence was high in 5 trials, moderate in 3, and low in 15. Conclusions: From the short- term perspective, there is a high level of evidence that early treatment reduces overjet and improves the anterior-posterior skeletal relationship. There is insufficient evidence about whether early treatment can reduce the incidence of trauma, is cost-effective, provides improved soft tissue profile, improves oral healtherelated quality of life, or possesses a risk of developing TMD. (C) 2019 World Federation of Orthodontists.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2019
Keywords
Class II malocclusion, Early treatment, Orthodontic appliance, Systematic review, Treatment outcomes
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-981 (URN)10.1016/j.ejwf.2019.06.002 (DOI)000484345600002 ()2-s2.0-85070540365 (Scopus ID)30513 (Local ID)30513 (Archive number)30513 (OAI)
Available from: 2020-02-27 Created: 2020-02-27 Last updated: 2024-02-06Bibliographically approved
de Oliveira Cortines, A. A., Correa-Faria, P., Paulsson, L., Costa, P. S. & Costa, L. R. (2019). Developmental defects of enamel in the deciduous incisors of infants born preterm: prospective cohort (ed.). Oral Diseases, 25(2), 543-549
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Developmental defects of enamel in the deciduous incisors of infants born preterm: prospective cohort
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2019 (English)In: Oral Diseases, ISSN 1354-523X, E-ISSN 1601-0825, Vol. 25, no 2, p. 543-549Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVE: Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in preterm infants still require clarification and may favour dental caries, lower food intake, and greater difficulty with weight-height gain. We evaluated factors associated with DDE in preterm infants. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we monitored 54 prematurely born infants from birth to 24 months of age. Trained and calibrated dentists examined the oral cavity of these children to identify and categorize DDE. Information on perinatal variables was collected from the infants' medical records and interviews with their mothers. The data were analysed using Student's t test, a chi-squared test, and Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A total of 46.3% of the 54 children presented DDE, which was observed more frequently in the left hemiarch in children born extremely (<28 weeks of gestation) or very preterm (28 to <32 weeks) (RR=2.2; 95% CI 1.3-3.6), with very low birth weight (<1500 g) (RR=2.0; 95% CI 1.1-3.5), who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (RR=1.3; 95% CI 1.0-1.7), and who were intubated (RR=1.6; 95% CI 1.1-2.2). CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of incisor enamel defects, particularly on the left side, was related to higher risk prematurity and to local trauma from intubation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2019
Keywords
deciduous teeth, dental enamel hypoplasia, endotracheal intubation, low birthweight infant, neonatal intensive care units, premature infant
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-15763 (URN)10.1111/odi.13011 (DOI)000458899300021 ()30537164 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85059347430 (Scopus ID)27286 (Local ID)27286 (Archive number)27286 (OAI)
Available from: 2020-03-30 Created: 2020-03-30 Last updated: 2024-11-19Bibliographically approved
Abdulraheem, S., Paulsson, L., Petrén, S. & Sonesson, M. (2019). Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review (ed.). BMC Oral Health, 19(1), Article ID 72.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review
2019 (English)In: BMC Oral Health, E-ISSN 1472-6831, Vol. 19, no 1, article id 72Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objective: To examine: (I) the current evidence of the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on the development of halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, and (II) the influence of different orthodontic bracket systems on halitosis. Material and methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) were searched prior to March 15, 2018. The review was systematically conducted and reported according to the Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA statement. Only Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) were considered. Selected full-text papers were independently assessed by four investigators and any disagreements were resolved by consensus. The Cochrane Handbook was used to grade the risk of bias and the quality of evidence was rated according to GRADE. Results: Out of 363 identified studies, three RCTs on halitosis and fixed orthodontic appliances met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias in the three studies was rated as high and the quality of evidence was rated as very low. Conclusions/clinical implications: There is a lack of scientific evidence that subjects with fixed orthodontic appliances develop halitosis during treatment. Additional well-conducted RCTs with extended periods of assessment are needed as well as consensus concerning cut-off values for the diagnosis of halitosis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2019
Keywords
Fixed orthodontic appliance, Halitosis, Systematic review
National Category
Dentistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-1068 (URN)10.1186/s12903-019-0761-1 (DOI)000466975700004 ()31046726 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85065210116 (Scopus ID)30150 (Local ID)30150 (Archive number)30150 (OAI)
Available from: 2020-02-27 Created: 2020-02-27 Last updated: 2024-07-04Bibliographically approved
Projects
Assessment of osteoporosis and risk of fracture in general dental care; Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology (OD)Oral health related quality of life, temporomandibular disorders, malocclusions and oral treatment needs in preterm born Swedish children and adolescents; Malmö University
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-1823-7850

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