Aim: To describe how Swedish emergency nurses experience the preconditions of providing safe care during the COVID-19 pandemic when collecting blood culture in the emergency department. Design: A qualitative exploratory design using content analysis with a manifest approach. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 emergency nurses working in the emergency department. Results: The analysis resulted in one main category: unprecedented preconditions create extraordinary stress and jeopardize safe care when collecting blood culture. This main category includes four additional categories: organizational changes, challenges in the isolation room, heavy workload creates great stress, and continuous learning. Conclusion: The COVID-19 outbreak has made the emergency department a workplace where constant changes of routines combined with new information and reorganization risk jeopardize safe care during blood culture sampling. Accordingly, high workload and stress have been identified as a reason for emergency nurses not following guidelines. It is therefore necessary to optimize the preconditions during blood culture sampling and identify situations where there are shortcomings.

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop and test an instrument to measure surrendering at the time of anesthesia induction and to explore the construct validity.Design An instrumental cross-sectional design was used and construct validity was evaluated via psychometric testing.Methods The anesthesia surrendering instrument (ASI) comprised 36 items. A total of 202 adults (older than 18 years) answered the questionnaire. Principal component analysis was used for item reduction and identification of defining constructs.FindingsSurrendering to anesthesia was defined by four constructs: preparation by avoidance, control, preparation by understanding, and acceptance, explaining 43.2% of the variance in the matrix.Conclusions The findings show that it is possible to measure the concept of surrendering by means of four dimensions as preparation by avoidance, control, preparation by understanding, and acceptance, although the dimensional variance of 43% could be considered weak. The ASI will constitute context-specific patient-reported experience measures for anesthesia, whereas further item refinement and testing of the ASI are necessary to achieve a better variance.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate how adult patients experience and cope with the anesthesia induction period, that is, before and during total intravenous induction.DesignGrounded theory, based on the Charmaz framework, was used to explore what it is that characterizes patients' thoughts and feelings in this situation and how they handle the time period up to loss of consciousness.MethodsPatients were interviewed using an open-ended method.FindingsThe core category: Constructing a foundation for surrendering one's life into the hands of the other illustrates the main concern of the 17 informants. This concern is illuminated by three main categories: Preparing oneself to surrender, trying to retain control, and accepting and surrendering/Refusing to accept and not surrendering. The informants struggled to place their life in the nurse anesthetist's/anesthesiologist's hands in a cycle of circumspection, preemption, and control.ConclusionsIn order to enable a dignified surrender, it is essential that the nurse anesthetist/anesthesiologist understands the patient's experience of loss of control.