In this study, we used the biopsychosocial model to frame the COVID-19 pandemic as a traumatic event and investigated the psychological distress that international students endured during the pandemic. At a large university in western Sweden we interviewed eight international students from various countries. We investigated the difficulties they encountered such as limiting policies that hindered their capacity to travel back to their native countries and build social networks through in-depth qualitative interviews. Students reported higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression as a result of the pandemic, according to a thematic analysis of the interviews. These challenges had a big impact on their social lives, goals, and academic achievement. Our findings demonstrate how the pandemic exacerbated these difficulties, even though some of them were related to the typical difficulties of living overseas. This study highlights how crucial it is to provide international students with specialised crisis support.

This report analyzes the economic impact of forced migration on the host country. Specifically, it quantifies the magnitude of the costs associated with the Syrian refugees in Sweden. The results suggest that Syrians tend to accumulate large and persistent deficits over the life cycle. However, the aggregated impact of these deficits is negligible, largely because the Syrian population is much smaller, compared the native-born Swedes. The analysis further demonstrates that only half of the deficits are channeled through the public sector, implying that the fiscal costs of hosting Syrian refugees is quite modest, which is equivalent to about 0.4% of Sweden’s annual GDP.

The purpose of the survey is to gain detailed insight into the socio-economic and socio-psychological dimensions of integration and their relations using a quantitative methodology that allows for statistical comparison of data collected on independent groups, both between the arriving and receiving community within the study countries, and between the study countries. The structure and content of the survey are based on extensive research of literature on integration conducted in WP2, and the survey and all materials used for the data collection were developed and piloted in WP3.

This introductory section to the quantitative surveys includes a description of target groups from which samples of respondents were drawn in each study country, a short description of key research questions answered in this deliverable, and a note on the general impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on FOCUS survey field study. In the following section, the structure of the collected survey data is presented. The main part of the deliverable comprises four country reports. In the end, general conclusions and the bibliography are noted.

Background: International research has shown that sexual health can be significantly impacted following acquired brain injury (ABI), with studies stressing the importance of addressing sexuality in brain injury rehabilitation. However, few Swedish studies, which tend to focus on stroke, have addressed this issue. This creates a gap that the present dissertation seeks to fill.

Purpose: The overarching aim of this dissertation is to explore perceived sexual health and the need for sexuality-related information among individuals with ABI, as well as the views of professionals on integrating sexuality into brain injury rehabilitation in Sweden. More specifically, the dissertation aims to examine the extent to which individuals with ABI report changes in sexuality, the perceived need for sexuality-related information, and the degree to which such issues have been addressed during rehabilitation. In addition, the dissertation explores the experiences of rehabilitation professionals, including their reflections on addressing sexuality.

Methods: This dissertation comprises four studies. The first two studies are based on a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018 and 2019 with 250 individuals (110 females and 140 males) who had participated in ABI rehabilitation between 2014 and 2016. Participants were diagnosed with ABI resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage, trauma, infection, or anoxia as adults. The second set of studies (Articles 3 and 4) is based on qualitative data collected through seven focus groups, two dyadic interviews, and two individual interviews with 40 professionals from nine Swedish rehabilitation facilities. All interviews were conducted digitally and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results: The results indicate that nearly 80% of participants had resumed sexual activity, and significantly more males (84%) than females (69%). Many reported changes in sexual functions, such as reduced erectile function (51%), sexual desire (63%), and orgasm (38%). Furthermore, individuals reporting sexual function impairments were also more likely to experience other invisible impairments, such as memory issues, fatigue, and bladder or bowel problems. Participants reported that sexuality aspects were seldom included in their rehabilitation. Professionals had asked about sexuality according to significantly more males (29%) than females (16%), and only 3% had received individual counseling. However, sexuality for the individual (80%), the relationship (91%) and intimacy (95%) were important to participants, with no significant gender differences.

In the qualitative studies, four themes were developed in each article. Article 3 included the following themes: “Sexual health in brain injury rehabilitation: The influence of healthcare professionals' attitudes”, “Insights about sexuality concerns gained from working in brain injury rehabilitation”, “Professionals need reinforcement”, and “Dilemmas and finding ways to support patients’ sexual health”. These themes reflect both the recognition of the importance of sexual health and a lack of preparedness among staff.

In Article 4, using the PLISSIT model as an analytical lens, the following themes were identified: “Navigating permission in practice: Professionals’ insights and observed gaps in PLISSIT implementation”, “Empathetic information sharing: Professionals’ strategies for limited information provision, need confirmation, and effective questioning”, “Collaboration related to specific suggestions: Professionals’ reflections on interdisciplinary approaches to tailored sexual health interventions”, and “Referral pathway ambiguity: Professionals navigating unclear processes for intensive sexual health therapy”. The findings highlight structural challenges and the need for clearer routines to support staff in addressing sexuality in rehabilitation settings.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that individuals with both visible and invisible impairments following ABI experience significant changes in relation to sexuality concerns. However, few reported that the issue was addressed during rehabilitation. The qualitative studies revealed that while professionals recognize the importance of addressing sexual health, they often feel inadequately prepared and face challenges in integrating sexuality into rehabilitation due to lack of structure, time constraints, and potential discomfort. Future interventions should incorporate both patient and professional perspectives to enhance sexual health within rehabilitation for individuals with ABI.

In Swedish preschools teachers seem to struggle with the concept of assessment in their day-to-day practices. The aim with this article is to build knowledge of how preschool teachers and managers/principals from eight Swedish municipalities characterise assessment and co-assessment in Swedish preschools. The material was generated in a 2018 survey completed by 240 respondents (85% response rate). A didaktik-oriented textual analysis was conducted. The results identify eight distinctive traces between the rejection and recognition of assessment in preschool. Assessment is preferably focused on learning in previous preschool studies. Co-assessment is repeatedly highlighted as an equality marker: "Co-assessment is for me that we are moving towards a more equal activity". Although assessment is preferably focused on learning, traces of teaching-oriented assessment also emerge. The concept of didaktik assessment is tested in relation to Learning-oriented assessment, LOA.

FNs Barnkonvention anger att barn har rätt till bästa möjliga hälsa och att de inte får diskrimineras

En stor andel av barn i de nordiska länderna lever i social utsatthet som ofta är kopplat till fattigdom

Det finns ett starkt samband mellan dålig munhälsa och social utsatthet och trots kännedom om detta sedan flera år består skillnaderna i munhälsa mellan olika grupper

Effekten hos olika metoder för att utjämna skillnader i munhälsa är otillräckligt utvärderade; det saknas vetenskapligt underlag/evidens för metoderna

Insatser för att utjämna skillnader i munhälsa mellan olika grupper behöver innefatta såväl hälsoförebyggande (promotiva) arbetssätt som prevention, och ske i samverkan med andra delar av samhället, ex skola, barnhälsovård

Det är stort behov av flervetenskaplig forskning för att utjämna hälsoskillnader. Sådan forsknings bör även involvera kliniker.

I de nordiska länderna är populationen numera etniskt blandad, och detta innebär att tandvården måste anpassa sig till dessa förhållanden. Utifrån sin etniska och kulturella bakgrund kan patienten ha specifika önskemål avseende färg och form på tänderna liksom andra attityder till munhälsa och kost samt ha andra matvanor jämfört med vad vi inom tandvården är vana vid. Tandvården av i dag får alltså inte per automatik förutsätta vilken vård eller vilka önskemål som är mest lämpliga, utan måste även förhålla sig till kulturella aspekter vid terapiplaneringen.

Review of Cecilia Andersson (2021). Performing search. Search engines and mobile devices in the everyday life of young people. Lund Studies in Arts and Cultural Sciences 27, Lund university.

Bakgrund: Perifer neuropati är den vanligaste senkomplikationen vid diabetes, den är progressiv och kan leda till flera sensoriska symtom i form av förlust av känsel och smärta. Det påverkar främst ben och fötter, vilket kan leda till balanssvårigheter och fallrisk som i sin tur kan skapa fysiska och psykosociala utmaningar för personen i dagliga livet. Specialistsjuksköterskor inom medicinsk vård har en särskilt viktig roll i att hantera komplexa vårdbehov hos personer med perifer neuropati, men behöver fördjupad kunskap och förståelse för personers erfarenheter av att leva med det. 

Syfte: Syftet är att genomföra en systematisk litteraturöversikt för att belysa personers erfarenheter av att leva med diabetesrelaterad perifer neuropati.

Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod baserad på 12 vetenskapliga primärstudier inhämtade från CINAHL, Pubmed och Scopus genomfördes enligt Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering (SBU). För analysen av primärstudiernas resultat användes tematisk syntes enligt Thomas och Harden. 

Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i två tredjenivåteman: En tillvaro behäftad med fysiska och psykiska besvär och Hanteringsstrategier i vardagen.

Konklusion: Personer med diabetesrelaterat perifer neuropati upplevde komplexa fysiska och psykosociala besvär som påverkade deras livskvalitet negativt i dagliga livet. För att hantera utmaningarna användes hanteringsstrategier som egenvårdsåtgärder, hjälpmedel och acceptans till livssituationen. Personerna upplevde även att socialt stöd från närstående spelade en viktig roll i att lindra besvären. 

The paper reports and reflects on an evaluation project at Malmö Nya Sjukhus, NSM, Sweden, where the relationship between healthcare performance objectives and indi-cators in the built environment have been studied. The starting point of the study was the outcomes in performance set by the hospital and a retrospective analysis of how these could be related to evaluation of the design of the new hospital. The paper discusses evaluation against a backdrop of existing studies on evaluations and with an argument that that there is a need for tools and methods to strengthen design work in general. The main argument is that it is valuable to evaluate the work processes in healthcare against spatial configurations in addition to studying effects of specific design features. Con-necting healthcare process indicators to spatial design also envision several challenges and possibilities that are addressed in the paper. The study presented is mainly quali-tative with and explorative approach.

Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 2 är en växande folksjukdom och många med sjukdomen fastar under ramadan, trots ökad risk för allvarliga diabeteskomplikationer. Sjuksköterskor har en betydelsefull roll att bedöma deras egenvårdsförmåga och utbilda i egenvård för att möjliggöra ett säkert fastande. Specialistsjuksköterskor inom medicinsk vård har bättre förutsättningar att göra detta utifrån bred kompetens, med förmågan att sprida kunskap till sjuksköterskor, vilket även ökar deras förmåga att möta de komplexa vårdbehov personer med diabetes typ 2 har som fastar under ramadan. 

Syfte: Syftet var att genom sammanställning av kvalitativ vetenskaplig litteratur undersöka hur vuxna personer med diabetes typ 2 upplever fastan under ramadan i relation till sin diabetessjukdom.Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt genomfördes utifrån sju kvalitativa studier. Databassökningarna skedde i PubMed och CINAHL och en tematisk syntes gjordes. 

Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i två tredje nivåns teman och sex andra nivåns teman. Första tredje nivåns teman var “ Ramadans betydelse och upplevelser av deltagarna” som bestod av tre andra nivåns teman “Gemenskap”, "Religiösa aspekter” och “Känsla av religiös otillräcklighet”. Det andra tredje nivåns temat var “Fastans konsekvenser för egenvården” som bestod av tre andra nivåns teman “Medicinskt beslutsfattande och rådgivning”, “ Symtomhantering och motivation” och “Livsstilsanpassningar”. 

Slutsats: Personer med diabetes typ 2 möter religiösa och medicinska utmaningar i samband med fastan under ramadan. Trots svåra symtom kan religionen prioriteras över hälsan och personer upplever kunskapsluckor i sin diabeteshantering till följd av otillräcklig ramadanfokuserad rådgivning. I slutändan är det personens val att fasta och specialistsjuksköterskor inom medicinsk vård kan bidra till att förebygga akuta diabeteskomplikationer genom egenvårdsutbildning, men även omhänderta personer i behov av sjukhusvård till följd av sådana komplikationer. 

This paper reports on our ongoing research focusing on cultivating and exploring the topic of what we refer to as breathing commons. We approach breathing as an affective and somatic bodily function that ties the individual with the collective, and through that aim to foster affective commoning among bodies. We present two workshops, one physical and one online, that we have ran amongst our research group on breathing commons. Three themes emerged from the analysis of the workshop activities: a) The body as a membrane, b) feelings of intimacy, vulnerability and awkwardness, and c) mutual engagement and care. These show a path towards engaging with breathing, and potentially with other bodily functions and biodata, aiming to open up the design space of doing affective commoning through bodily functions that act as a connection between bodies – both human and non-human.

On September 16, 2021, Dr. Tina Askanius presented on Memes and Media Usage for Radicalization at the 2021 CASIS Vancouver Defence Security Advisory Network Workshop. The key points discussed were memes as cultural units of meaning, their serious global implications, their ability to easily break through cultural and linguistic barriers, and their intricate ability to serve as ‘gateways’ into more extreme elements of far-right ideologies.

The NEXUS project focuses on cultural diversity and migration within higher education institutions (HEIs), and enhancing student civic engagement by integrating Service Learning elements into second language courses, i.e. teaching the language of the receiving country.Service Learning as an educational method and as an integral activity of community engagement is crucial for the NEXUS project because it explicitly promotes cooperation between the academic community and the civil sector, putting the students and community engagement at the core of the learning experience. It also contributes to the achievement of the third mission of the university, which directly facilitates the development of the social responsibility of students and other members of the academic community in solving specific societal problems.A Service Learning idea developed through NEXUS is based on second language courses which contain elements of culture and society of the receiving country and therefore lend themselves to including civic education and civic engagement elements for empowering students in the syllabus.

Based on the perspective of frontline staff who work closely with adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) in group homes in Sweden, this article explores ethical dilemmas that arise when daily tasks intersect with efforts to achieve the disability policy goal of self determination and the nature of close work relationships. Using the successive focus group interview method, the study highlights the intricate nature of group home environments, where daily interactions demand nuanced ethical judgments at the micro level. The thematic analysis underscores how this complexity intensifies the work of supporting self-determination in close interrelationships, especially in risky or norm-breaking situations. These intricate dimensions of the frontline staff’s role often go unnoticed in social policy frameworks, leaving staff to navigate complex issues with limited regulatory guidance. Our conclusions emphasize the importance of providing resources for frontline staff to enhance their ability to understand and respectfully address ethical dilemmas in their practice. 

This study aims to describe the content diversity of Siri’s search results in the polarized context of US politics. To do so, a crowdsourced audit was conducted. A diverse sample of 170 US-based Siri users between the ages of 18-64 performed five identical queries about politically controversial issues. The data were analyzed using the concept of algorithmic bias. The results suggest that Siri’s search algorithm produces a long tail distribution of search results: Forty-two percent of the participants received the six most frequent answers, while 22% of the users received unique answers. These statistics indicate that Siri’s search algorithm causes moderate concentration and low fragmentation. The age and, surprisingly, the political orientation of users, do not seem to be driving either concentration or fragmentation. However, the users' gender and location appear to cause low concentration.

Formative feedback has the potential to support student learning and performance. However, teachers sometimes have difficulties realizing their intentions with formative feedback when responding to students’ questions or solutions. If the actual response provided does not agree with the teacher’s intentions, the formative potential may be diminished or lost. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate whether teachers themselves are able to identify the correspondence between their stated intentions and their actual response to students. Four teachers participated in the study by responding to the mathematical reasoning performed by twelve students in grades 4-5 (the feedback situations were recorded) and then taking part in stimulated-recall interviews. The results show that the teachers were able to identify certain instances of correspondence, and/or differences, between their intentions and how they acted in the feedback situations. The differences identified by the teachers were justified based on the teachers’ individual beliefs – for instance, the belief that some mathematical methods belong to certain grade levels and should not be taught in advance – or on concerns about how the students would react.

Since the advent of web 2.0, the increasing importance of data has become centre of debate amongst various stakeholders. One of the resultant effects of open access internet is the improvement of advertising and marketing technologies and methods. Programmatic advertising (PA) is one of the byproducts of the new internet age. This form of advertising uses consumers’ personal data and behaviour online for the creation of customized ads for brands through third-party data aggregators. Personal data are auction to the highest bidders in real-time and instantaneously to expose customized messages and ads to the audience. Based on its population and increasing level of internet penetration, Nigeria is a fallow, free-for-all, and data-mining ground for many tech companies. Hence, the adoption of programmatic advertising is nascent and insidiously creeping into the advertising space in Nigeria. This paper focused on the implication of programmatic advertising from the perspective of existing legal specifications currently in Nigeria. Having given the conceptual premise of programmatic advertising (PA), the paper identified the ethical and legal implications of PA. based on the existing legal situation of personal data protection in Nigeria, the paper recommends, amongst others, that to avoid the potential violations of user’s right to data privacy, the onus is on various stakeholders- the data controllers, tech companies, and lawmakers- to ensure that their activities provide stronger protection of personal data.

PARENTS EXPERIENCES OF SLEEP DISORDERS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM IN DAILY LIFE

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

SANNA EKELUNDELIN LOOS 

Ekelund, S & Loos, E. Parents experience of sleep disorders of children with autism in daily life. A systematic review. Degree project in pediatric nursing 15 credit points. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Care Sience, 2025.

Background: Sleep difficulties of varying types and severity are a commonly reported problem among children and adolescents with autism, and it has been established that approximately 50–80% of these children and their families are affected by these issues.

Aim: This study aims to compile already existing research to highlight parents' experiences of sleep disorders in children with autism in their daily life.

Method: This study is a qualitative literature review, with results presented through thematic synthesis. Three second-level themes were identified and compiled into a table. These second-level themes were assessed for quality using GRADE-CERQual and synthesized into three third-level themes which the results are based on,

Results: Three third-level themes were identified, reflecting the experiences of parents: the emotional and practical challenges of parenting a child with sleep disturbances, the consequences of sleep problems on the entire family and its functioning, strategies and enablers for managing the child’s sleep problems.

Conclusion: Parents of children with sleep disturbances and autism experience significant emotional strain, including persistent worry and exhaustion. These findings can help pediatric nurses to enhance their understanding and knowledge, allowing them to provide better support and tailored advice to these families.

Keywords: Parents, children with autism, experience, daily life, sleep disorder.

Within the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) industry, engineers manually create documents based on engineering drawings, which can be time-consuming and prone to human error. For example, the expansion of typical assemblies of instrument items (Instrument Typicals) in Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) is a labor-intensive task. Each Instrument Typical assembly is depicted in the P&IDs via a simplified representation showing only a subset of the utilized instruments. The expansion activity involves recording all utilized instruments to create an instrument item list document based on the P&IDs for a particular EPC project. Fortunately, Artificial Intelligence (AI) could help automate this process. In this paper, we propose the first method for automating the process of Instrument Typical expansion in P&IDs. The method utilizes computer vision techniques and domain knowledge rules to extract information about the Instrument Typicals from a project's P&IDs and legend sheets. Subsequently, the extracted information is used to automatically generate the listing of all utilized instruments. The effectiveness of our method is evaluated on P&IDs from large industrial EPC projects, resulting in precision rates exceeding 98% and recall rates surpassing 99%. These results demonstrate the suitability of our method for industrial deployment. The successful application of our method has the potential to reduce engineering costs and increase the efficiency of EPC projects. Furthermore, the method could be adapted for additional applications in the EPC industry, which highlights the method's industrial value.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify baseline factors that predict Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in patients with TMD 8 years later.

Materials and Methods: 401 participants (333 women, mean age 45.8 years) from a multicenter cohort were examined using the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) and questionnaires. The main outcome was the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), a HRQoL measure that provides physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) summaries. Baseline predictors included age, gender, self-reported health, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS), pain intensity, pain frequency, and pain duration. Regression analysis with stepwise modeling identified predictive factors.

Results: 54.3% had painful TMD, 15.7% had nonpainful TMD, and 27.7% were healthy controls. For the painful TMD group, the regression model was significant (R² = .25, F = 4.3, P < .01), with age and favorable general health predicting PCS scores. In the nonpainful TMD group, the model was significant (R² = .58, F = 3.8, P < .01), with JFLS and favorable general health (predicting PCS scores. The MCS model was significant in healthy controls (R2 = .22, F = 1.8, P = .05), with JFLS as only predictor.

Conclusion: Predictors of mental HRQoL: JFLS in healthy controls, but no predictors were found in TMD groups. Predictors of physical HRQoL: General health in both TMD groups, JFLS in the nonpainful TMD group, and age in the painful TMD group.

Natural occurring deep eutectic solvents (NADES) are solvents made of metabolites occurring in living organisms, and are thought to play a special role in plants especially given that some of these metabolites exist in concentrations as high as 1 M. NADES have properties similar to ionic liquids, and have been shown to protect enzymes against loss of activity as well as proteins against thermal denaturation. Here, we explore the structure of lipid vesicles in NADES rich aqueous solutions and compare to concentrated saline aqueous solutions matching the various NADES osmolarity. The vesicle structure was analysed by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Two types of NADES were prepared using choline chloride and glucose or maleic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 1 giving the solvents a neutral or an acidic nature, respectively. The stability of the vesicles in the various solvents was measured against time and temperature. The results of this work demonstrate that lipid bilayers retain their structure in NADES rich aqueous solutions as compared to pure water, in contrast to high saline aqueous solutions. Moreover, the vesicles are more stable against sedimentation and aggregation in NADES than in water.

AIM: This study aimed to understand the variety of nurse educators' conceptions of nursing students' collaboration in clinical skills lab activities.

BACKGROUND: Collaborative learning has gained attention in nurse education as an educational approach that supports learning and professional development. However, research is deficient concerning nurse educators in faculty-based education and their conceptions of student collaboration.

METHOD: The study adopted a phenomenographic approach. A purposeful sampling of nurse educators teaching in a skills lab setting was conducted at five universities in Sweden. Individual interviews with sixteen nurse educators were performed between November 2023 and February 2024. The interviews were analysed following phenomenographic procedures.

RESULTS: Four different description categories were identified: the purpose of collaboration, the didactic activities for collaboration, the student's intrapersonal skills, and the group activity skills. The outcome space presents the purpose of collaboration as the most complex descriptive category.

CONCLUSION: The educational purpose of collaboration should be settled by the faculty of nurse education and aligned to the collaborative requirements in the nursing profession. Introducing didactic activities specifically contextualized to the nursing profession and including peer observations and feedback in a formative manner may facilitate the development of collaboration.

The operating theatre nurse is responsible for advanced perioperative care in complex environments requiring both technical and non-technical skills. Non-technical skills training can improve teamwork and reduce the risk of adverse events. The Scrub Practitioners’ List of Non-Technical Skills (SPLINTS) is a behavioural assessment tool for scrub practitioners not yet translated into Swedish. A Swedish version would provide a common conceptual base and strengthen non-technical skills for Swedish operating theatre nurses. The present study therefore aimed to translate the SPLINTS into Swedish, making it useable in a Swedish perioperative context. A three-round Delphi study was conducted to reach consensus for a Swedish translation. A mean rating of eight or higher on a 10-point scale, assessed as agreement among the experts, was reached in the third round. Although consensus level of agreement was not reached for all elements, three rounds resulted in agreement by a majority. Guidance on Conducting and Reporting Delphi Studies (CREDES) was used as reporting guideline. This Delphi study conducted an important first version of a Swedish translation of the SPLINTS, which, however, needs to be followed by validation and psychometrical testing.

This thesis examines the multifaceted challenges encountered by Syrian multilinguals in Sweden in acquiring English as a third language, focusing on the psychological, social, and phonological dimensions from childhood to adulthood. It investigates how Arabic, as the native language, and Swedish, as a second language, mediate English acquisition, particularly in navigating phonetic obstacles. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with Syrian adults who learned English in Swedish schools, the study reveals significant emotional and social hurdles in early language learning, including isolation, embarrassment, and frustration stemming from pronunciation difficulties and peer interactions. While Swedish proficiency facilitated phonetic development by providing a bridge to English sounds like /p/ and /v/, persistent struggles with phonemes such as /ð/ underscored the limits of linguistic flexibility, especially during language-switching. These findings challenge translanguaging theory’s premise of seamless transitions across linguistic systems, suggesting instead a need for structured separation of phonological systems, as supported by interference theory. The research further explores the enduring effects of phonetic interference, which impacted participants’ confidence, social integration, and professional opportunities into adulthood. The study advocates for further investigation into the psychological and social dimensions of multilingualism and the development of targeted strategies to enhance phonetic accuracy and support learners’ integration. 

Anti-work refers to a contentious rejection of work as a determinant of one's self-worth or worth to society. The most central principle is that work requires the submission of the individual's free will for the benefit of the organization and that this has negative consequences for workers' well-being. Even though the anti-work movement has grown rapidly in recent years, research on this phenomenon is scarce. This preregistered study (N = 2595) aimed to examine the relation between anti-work orientation and a range of socio-political attitudes, as well as its prevalence among different demographic groups in Sweden. The results revealed that anti-democratic attitudes and anti-hierarchical aggression were the strongest socio-political predictors of anti-work attitudes, followed by support for censorship and partisanship. Furthermore, voters of both the left party and the right-wing populist party were overrepresented among individuals scoring high on anti-work orientation, suggesting an “extremism” effect at both ends of the political spectrum. The strongest demographic predictors were young age and low income. Interestingly, latent class analysis revealed that men were strongly overrepresented in both the class of anti-work-supporters and the class with low anti-work orientation. These findings add new insights into the growing political discourse around the nature of work.

Purpose: Implant-supported restorations are well-documented treatments from a clinical perspective. Analysis of their cost-effectiveness is however limited, especially for implant-supported overdentures. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the literature on cost-effectiveness regarding maxillary implant-supported overdentures compared to complete dentures and fixed implant-supported restorations.

Methods: Three electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, were searched for original studies including economic analysis of implant-supported overdenture treatment in the maxilla.

Results: The literature search resulted in 190 articles. After elimination of duplicates and assessment of eligibility according to pre-establishedcriteria, two studies presenting the results from a single patient cohort were included and read in full text.

Discussion: Cost-effectiveness analysis is important for society as well as the individual patient. This is true for any treatment, but perhaps particularly for extensive treatments such as treatment of edentulism.

Conclusion: The level of evidence for the cost-effectiveness of maxillary implant-supported overdentures is very low due to a severe lack of studies. Further research is needed to provide guidance in the clinical decision on the best choice of treatment

This thesis was conducted within a community-based participatory research (CBPR) program, initiated as a response to preceding health inequity commissions, and aiming to find innovative forms for health promotion. The overall aim of the thesis was to develop health promotion through CBPR, together with women with experience of migration in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhood in Sweden. The CBPR approach guided the process, focusing on reflective dialogues and both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used. As a point of departure for the process, an identification of conditions for health and of actions to promote it, was made together with participants. The actions were developed in collaboration into various activities, and the participants pointed out contributors that made them engage in health-promoting activities: lay health promoters, having a place to meet, and social cohesion. The knowledge brought forward about health issues and health promotion within the community was used in the development of a CBPR intervention addressing type 2 diabetes. The intervention was a collaboration between the community and other actors and included reflective dialogues and workshops, conducted as group activities. In the mixed-method evaluation, it was found that stress and waist circumference were reduced, and that social support was crucial throughout the process, in providing motivation to engage in the activities and in promoting health. 

Denna förstudie om förutsättningar för och möjligheterna med en projekteringsguideför termisk komfort med fokus på övertemperaturer har genomförts på kort tid för attkunna vara underlag för framtida projekt. Åtminstone tre olika problemområden kanurskiljas:

• Det är svårt att definiera scenariodata för framtida väder och klimat samt påverkanav lokala förhållanden.

• Mängden variabler som har betydelse vid beräkning av termisk komfort är stortoch det krävs fler simuleringar för att bättre kunna bestämma vilka variabler somhuvudsakligen ska beaktas för att säkerställa beräkningsresultat

.• Hur stora variationer finns och hur ska riskvärdering göras för de klimatfiler somtas fram för framtida klimat.

Detta är en kunskapssammanställning om buller i samhället som syftar till att ökakunskap om bullerexponering och dess effekter. Här beskrivs gällande regler,tillämpning och effekter av dessa. Jämförelser beskrivs med hur andra nordiska länderhanterar buller och en reflektion av hur buller hanteras i Sveriges.Sammanställningen har särskilt fokus på trafikbuller då det är den dominerande källantill bullerexponering. Här granskas bullerproblematikens historiska utveckling,nuvarande lagstiftning och riktlinjer, källor till buller, dess effekter, samt framtidautmaningar och möjligheter inom bullerhantering. Lagar och förordningar som reglerarbuller i Sverige beskrivs, inklusive miljöbalken, plan- och bygglagen ochtrafikbullerförordningen samt kort hur tekniska lösningar får användas. Även EU:sdirektiv om omgivningsbuller och dess implementering i Sverige belyses.E

Skadedjuren är många och finns i ett brett spektrum. Från stora djur som grävlingar tillden minsta insekten. I denna kunskapssammanställning läggs tyngdpunkten påbeskrivning av insekter. Skadedjur finns i och påverkar de flesta byggmaterial, frånorganiska material som trä och cellulosa till hårdare material som metall, puts och bruk.Skadedjur kan leva av och med mikroorganismer, svampar och mögel, ibland i synergi.Statistik från förvaltare och skadesanerare visar att i flerbostadshus är vägglöss detproblem som hanteras oftast. Generellt i hela byggnadsbeståndet är gnagare detskadedjur som ger upphov till de flesta saneringarna. Myror är vanligare under apriljuni medan problem med vägglöss är störst augusti-mars.Lagstiftning samt föreskrifter och vägledningar från myndigheter ger tillsammans medbranschens aktörer, miljöcertifieringssystem och internationella standarderförutsättningar för byggande/förvaltning och hantering av skadedjur. En utblick till våragrannländer och i Europa visar att mycket är lika och att traditioner, kultur och historikkan förklara olikheter som finns. Mycket finns att lära av varandra.Det finns en oro att skadedjursproblem kan öka i framtiden med tanke på ökad handelöver gränserna och ett varmare klimat.

There is a growing academic tradition of employing strategies of reflective skills in social work education. Social professions are often dealing with the problems of vulnerability and complexity that exist when encountering clients’ needs. This article arises from the experiences of the author in providing reflective learning to health and social work students in Sweden. This study opens with evoking the concept of knowing and learning. It explores and discusses the epistemological basis of reflective learning to facilitate students’ knowledge creation, clinical reasoning and reflective learning in front-on planning interventions. Further, the study present an example of a reflection scheme matrix applied in the social work and social pedagogy bachelor educational programs at Malmö University to support student’s reflective learning and information gathering while planning social interventions for service receivers. During their reflective reasoning, students are supported in their process of reflection to gain control of the unsorted information and shape a base for their own internal experience while analysing the client’s situation. This article concludes with commentary about reflective learning potential including making sense of real professional situations, meaningful engagements and how to prepare students for professional operationalisation in complex, unpredictable situations.

This contribution includes a reflection on reactivation of abandoned places and focusing primarily on a new understanding of the role of architects in a future society, dealing more and more with participatory design tools and with the reuse of existing buildings and interpreting the notion of social and environmental sustainability. A window was opened towards the future where the imaginary landscapes developed by our students - and by the students who have answered the call - with unexpected results of reflections shared in this short Workshop lead by Marie Kraft and myself and accompanied by our UOU colleagues. In this section, the projects of the students are to be considered as a test bed for our work and reflections as researchers, practitioners and educators. An ATLAS of possibilities, both here and now.

This Section includes the constribution of the students:

Anastasia Milonas; Andreea Diana Roman, Anna Van Amersfoort; Ario Racho; Cecilia Elisabeth Eleanora Gustafsson; Enric Alonso, María Ponce; Larisa Daniela Gabor; Laura Adina Stupariu, Alina Ioana Constantin; Marta Selles; Raluca Ioana Negoescu, Iulia Ciungan;Thomas Bromley; Vendela Serrreli.

And of:

María Ponce The Celebration of Places and Instants of moments

In a 2010 policy reform, the centre-right Swedish government attempted to bring the area of integration policy into closer alignment with labour market policy for newly arrived migrants. In this paper, empirical data gathered from 181 individual case files from the Public Employment Service (PES) is used to analyse the different trajectories of migrants. I construct a typology of five different sub-groups to explore how migrants manage the different challenges of the policy program. The main contribution of the article is to highlight the individual differences among the group and how various strategies are formed within the same policy framework.

Tannregulering med gjennomsiktige skinner har hatt en eksponentiell vekst de siste årene. Skinnene kalles «alignere»og har revolusjonert især voksen-kjeveortopedien de seneste 10-20 år. Tidligere var kjeveortopedi et vanskelig spesiale å kaste seg ut i uten offisiell videreutdannelse innen kjeveortopedi, men med denne nye teknikken på markedet er muligheten for allmenntannleger blitt større. De fleste pasienter har lettere for å akseptere å bli behandlet med gjennomsiktige plastikkskinner fremfor fast apparatur på forsiden av tennene. Økt tilgjengelighet av teknikken og kraftige reklamefremstøt kombinert med en økt etterspørsel, samt forskning og utvikling i feltet, har gjort alignere til en kommersiell suksess, og markedet utvikler seg markant for tiden. Vi vil i denne artikkelen diskutere fordeler og ulemper av teknikken, belyse problemområder, informere om effektiviteten av alignere til spesifikke tannforflytninger samt illustrere effekten med to pasienttilfeller. Artikkelen er tenkt som en overordnet introduksjon av nåværende evidens omkring behandling med alignere, hvoretter den interesserte kliniker kan fordype seg ytterligere.

Teaching in oral pathology at the dental schools aims to give students insight into the histopathology of the most common diseases and conditions that they will meet later in their career. Such knowledge is important for their understanding of the clinical manifestation of the diseases and their development. Previously, courses in oral pathology have been arranged in special halls, equipped with microscopes, which has been resource-intensive and has given the students limited time to study the tissue sections. New technology has been developed where tissue sections are scanned and uploaded to digital platforms that can be made available to students, who may study the tissue sections as in a virtual microscope, leading to increased flexibility both for students and teachers. Students can prepare for the lectures and can later study the tissue sections on their own computer. The integration with clinical subjects is made easier, and teaching material can be shared between institutions. The scanned tissue sections have a quality compatible with a high quality light microscope.

The ban on Loyal to Familia - The material limits of the freedom of association

On 1 September 2021, the Danish Supreme Court banned the gang Loyal to Familia (LTF) because it had an illegal aim and was therefore classified as an illegal association. This sentence marks a new understanding of the material limits to the constitutional freedom of association. It was the third ban of a Danish association, and the first ban of an association that did not have the aim of overthrowing democracy. Using court transcripts, this article describes the contents and major themes in the evidence presented by the prosecutor. The gang’s organisation was structured and hierarchical as based on recovered documents described as containing membership lists, titles, fees and collective economic resources. Members committed a broad range of serious violent and drug-related offenses. Incarrcerated members of the gang violently attacked prison guards. In two instances, these attacks occurred outside of prisons on the behest of the gang. The courts agreed that the gang itself facilitated some of the violence and drug offending. While their motivations differed, all three courts agreed that Danish society had a constitutional right. The courts also agreed that the administratively issued temporary ban on the gang from 2018 was legal.

This article compiles the experience accumulated over 9 years in the design and execution of data sprints within the framework of the Master’s Degree in Digital Communication and Marketing at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. With more than 90 different projects behind them, these conferences have been a meeting point for professionals, academics and students, enabling the exchange of knowledge and the transfer of techniques between academic research methods and research applied to digital marketing. At the same time, the data sprint format facilitates practical knowledge and the acquisition of communication, organisational and problem-solving skills. The article presents three examples of projects to illustrate the activity carried out and discusses its impact based on a focus group with several participants, to point out the benefits of the experience as well as the difficulty of applying the format in the professional environment.

Studien utforskar lärares uppfattningar av AI samt dess möjligheter och utmaningar i undervisningen. Syftet är att undersöka lärares uppfattningar om användningen av AI i skrivundervisningen inom svenskämnet, samt att identifiera de möjligheter och utmaningar som framträder utifrån deras erfarenheter och perspektiv. Med utgångspunkt i critical literacy, lärarens fem roller, elevens fem roller och den didaktiska triangeln analyseras lärares perspektiv kopplat till AI i klassrummet. Studien tar avstamp i en kvalitativ metod och genomförs med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta lärare i svenska som undervisar på mellanstadiet.

Resultatet visar en komplex bild av AI i skrivundervisningen. Lärarna ger upphov till en tudelad inställning av AI där både nyfikenhet och osäkerhet präglar deras uppfattning. En gemensam uppfattning är att AI hittills inte gjort stora avtryck i undervisningen men att det är något som de behöver förbereda sig för och förhålla sig till framöver. I nuläget har de en observerande hållning till verktyget vilket främst beror på okunskap. Den tudelade upplevelsen visar sig även i möjligheter och utmaningar, där AI å ena sidan kan ses som en möjlighet i att stödja elevernas lärande uppgifter inom skrivundervisningen och avlasta läraren i sin yrkesroll. Å andra sidan framträder utmaningar i form av fusk, källkritik och skrivmotstånd. Det framkommer även en upplevd brist på kunskap om AI, vilket gör att vissa lärare tvekar att använda det i klassrummet. Samtidigt är de överens om att AI är här för att stanna, vilket skapar ett behov av att lära sig att hantera det. 

Under våra VFU perioder har vi förstått vikten av individanpassning och hur det kan vara avgörande för elevers vidareutveckling i tidiga skolår. Syftet med vår studie är att beskriva och analysera individanpassad läsundervisning. Vi vill få en inblick i vilka strategier och metoder som är framträdande i lärarnas arbete inom individanpassning vad gäller läsinlärning och läsundervisning. The simple view of reading och phonics är två teorier som ligger till grund för vår studie. För att besvara frågeställningarna har vi genomfört semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex lärare från två olika skolor. Resultatet visar många likheter i lärarnas definition av individanpassning och vikten av att individanpassa i läsundervisningen. Resultatet visar också att det finns skillnader i lärarnas metoder och arbetssätt samt skillnad i hur de arbetar i de två olika skolorna. De intervjuade lärarna hanterar även utmaningar som medföljer med individanpassning på olika sätt. Lärarna i studien anpassar sin undervisning genom en kombination av phonics-baserad undervisning för avkodning och språkstärkande insatser.

The record of the meetings of UNESCO’s General Conference offers a valuable resource for research in the global humanities. We present a digital text corpus, including metadata and supplementary material, that makes the complete record of these meetings from 1946 to 2017 in English and/or French accessible in a machine-readable form that is suitable for digital text analysis. The corpus is stored on Zenodo; relevant code is available on GitHub. The corpus offers reuse potential for scholars interested in any of the countless issues that have been discussed and debated in UNESCO’s General Conference over more than seventy years, as well as to Natural Language Processing (NLP) developers interested in the challenges of language recognition and automated segmentation.